Independent Researcher and Academic Developer Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference. 12-14 December 2012 Four international case studies of change in doctoral education contributed by participant observers SRHE Annual Conference December 2012 Dr Anne Lee Independent Researcher and Academic Developer www.drannelee.wordpress.com With thanks to: Cecilia Almlöv , SLU; Pam Denicolo, University of Surrey; Margaret Kiley, ANU; Liina Lepp and Marvi Remmik, University of Tartu dr.anne.lee@which.net. www.drannelee.wordpress.com

The purpose(s) of the doctorate? Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference. 12-14 December 2012 The purpose(s) of the doctorate? Creation of original knowledge To provide a quality assured degree of international standing Creation of researchers International development - capacity building (Codoc) Primary qualification for academic career (Tight) Economic regeneration (eg KESS project*) Development and protection of disciplines (Carnegie) To enhance status (universities, supervisors…) To enable a humanistic endeavour to learn at the highest level *Knowledge economy skills scholarships dr.anne.lee@which.net. www.drannelee.wordpress.com

Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference. 12-14 December 2012 Australia c 2000 Most funding from the federal government (not individual states) Research Training Scheme (RTS) funding focussed on funding on completion Universities required to submit management reports Quality of provision audited (AUQA) and now a new standards body (TEQSA) Postgraduate Research Experience Questionnaire dr.anne.lee@which.net. www.drannelee.wordpress.com

Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference. 12-14 December 2012 Estonia Became an independent country in 1991. Doctor of Philosophy established in 1990. Increase in doctoral student numbers 1996-2010 from 569-2928 High drop out rate 61% students work full-time, 31% work part time State financed doctoral students monthly allowance of €384 A minority of doctoral students are employed through research grants and work in the same field €32m EU funding supporting doctoral schools and doctoral education Little supervisor training, students unsatisfied with quality of academic and financial support they receive dr.anne.lee@which.net. www.drannelee.wordpress.com

Sweden First doctoral degree awarded 1864. Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference. 12-14 December 2012 Sweden First doctoral degree awarded 1864. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) research programme funded by Ministry for Rural Affairs (other universities funded by the Ministry for Education) Education for doctoral supervisors has become compulsory New moves to form research schools Seeking to clarify alignment between learning outcomes, activities and assessment. dr.anne.lee@which.net. www.drannelee.wordpress.com

Establishment of Doctoral Training Centres in the UK Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference. 12-14 December 2012 Establishment of Doctoral Training Centres in the UK ESRC created a network of selected providers: 57 applications resulted in 21 DTC’s Selection criteria included: strategic vision, flexibility, use of funding, collaboration to build critical mass and avoid duplication and greater inter-disciplinarity Process has demanded dedicated (and unfunded) management support from universities, Evidence of higher quality student support emerging dr.anne.lee@which.net. www.drannelee.wordpress.com

Some emerging issues Completion Student satisfaction Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference. 12-14 December 2012 Some emerging issues Completion Student satisfaction Supervisor training and development Tuition fees PhD students and employment benefits Implications of funding sources Interdisciplinarity Government direction for interdisciplinarity and inter-university collaboration Quality assurance and assessment procedures Concern for career development for PhD students dr.anne.lee@which.net. www.drannelee.wordpress.com

Other perspectives: Longer versus shorter term objectives: Society for Research into Higher Education Annual Conference. 12-14 December 2012 Other perspectives: Longer versus shorter term objectives: Strategic funding Recruitment to achieve completion targets Examples of moments Prominence of metrics…’the measured moment’ Funding to support national goals and quality supervision …..’the strategic moment’ Reaction to political turbulence …..’the reactive moment’ dr.anne.lee@which.net. www.drannelee.wordpress.com