What are you doing today? Important Dates for Global II: Goals for the Day: What are you doing today? We will begin the French Revolution Unit – MEALS of the French Revolution and One Note Assignment. Important Dates for Global II: Scientific Rev and Enlightenment Cards – Due: Tomorrow Scientific Rev and Enlightenment Test – Due: 10/11/2016 42c - identify the major ideas of the Enlightenment from the writings of Locke, Voltaire and Rousseau and their relationship to politics and society 43a - identify the causes and results of the revolutions in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti (1791), and Latin America (1808-1825) 43b - explain Napoleon's rise to power, defeat, and consequences for Europe What is the Enlightenment? (HA! book 35.2) Connect to Sci Rev, Renaissance, Prot Ref Conflict with old ideas, esp. kings & church Enlightenment Thinkers Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, (Beccaria??) Use ISN pg 242-3 (notes then questions to answer??) Matching Enlightenment thinkers w/ quotes (HA! 35 activity pg 823-825) Impact of Enlightenment (HA! book 35.8-9) Enlightened Despots, women, music, economics, foreshadow political revolutions Activity

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

Essential Question: What were the important causes and effects of the French Revolution?

Reasons for the French Revolution M Poor Economy Money Increased Taxes BOURBON DYNASTY HENRY IV of France, 1553-1610, king of France (1589-1610) Edict of Nantes 1598 LOUIS XIII, 1601-1643, king of France (1610 - 1643), son of Henry IV LOUIS XIV, 1638–1715, king of France (1643–1715), son of Louis XIII, personal rule after 1661 LOUIS XV, 1710–74, king of France (1715–74), great-grandson of King Louis XIV LOUIS XVI, 1754–93, king of France (1774–92), third son of the dauphin (Louis) and Marie Josèphe of Saxony, grandson and successor of King Louis XV. Executed in 1792. King’s Debt Increased due to American Rev. Price of bread increased because of poor harvests

Reasons for the French Revolution Enlightenment E New ideas about government Saw little change, so they wanted more…. Ideas of Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu BOURBON DYNASTY HENRY IV of France, 1553-1610, king of France (1589-1610) Edict of Nantes 1598 LOUIS XIII, 1601-1643, king of France (1610 - 1643), son of Henry IV LOUIS XIV, 1638–1715, king of France (1643–1715), son of Louis XIII, personal rule after 1661 LOUIS XV, 1710–74, king of France (1715–74), great-grandson of King Louis XIV LOUIS XVI, 1754–93, king of France (1774–92), third son of the dauphin (Louis) and Marie Josèphe of Saxony, grandson and successor of King Louis XV. Executed in 1792. Absolutism OUT, Democracy IN!

Reasons for the French Revolution American Revolution A Ideas of Revolutions spread France borrowed $$$ to support the American Revolution BOURBON DYNASTY HENRY IV of France, 1553-1610, king of France (1589-1610) Edict of Nantes 1598 LOUIS XIII, 1601-1643, king of France (1610 - 1643), son of Henry IV LOUIS XIV, 1638–1715, king of France (1643–1715), son of Louis XIII, personal rule after 1661 LOUIS XV, 1710–74, king of France (1715–74), great-grandson of King Louis XIV LOUIS XVI, 1754–93, king of France (1774–92), third son of the dauphin (Louis) and Marie Josèphe of Saxony, grandson and successor of King Louis XV. Executed in 1792. Social Contract Theory

Reasons for the French Revolution Louis XVI L Spent too much $$$$ His court was made to impress Europe but became a symbol of waste and corruption Overtaxed the people BOURBON DYNASTY HENRY IV of France, 1553-1610, king of France (1589-1610) Edict of Nantes 1598 LOUIS XIII, 1601-1643, king of France (1610 - 1643), son of Henry IV LOUIS XIV, 1638–1715, king of France (1643–1715), son of Louis XIII, personal rule after 1661 LOUIS XV, 1710–74, king of France (1715–74), great-grandson of King Louis XIV LOUIS XVI, 1754–93, king of France (1774–92), third son of the dauphin (Louis) and Marie Josèphe of Saxony, grandson and successor of King Louis XV. Executed in 1792. Married to Marie Antoinette Unpopular and Frivolous

Reasons for the French Revolution Social Structure S The Second Estate was made up of rich nobles - 2% people The First Estate was made up of Clergy (priests) – 1% people 1 2 3 Old regime = 3 estates BOURBON DYNASTY HENRY IV of France, 1553-1610, king of France (1589-1610) Edict of Nantes 1598 LOUIS XIII, 1601-1643, king of France (1610 - 1643), son of Henry IV LOUIS XIV, 1638–1715, king of France (1643–1715), son of Louis XIII, personal rule after 1661 LOUIS XV, 1710–74, king of France (1715–74), great-grandson of King Louis XIV LOUIS XVI, 1754–93, king of France (1774–92), third son of the dauphin (Louis) and Marie Josèphe of Saxony, grandson and successor of King Louis XV. Executed in 1792. The Third Estate made up 97% of the population and included poor peasants but also the well-educated middle class (bourgeoisie)

By 1789, half the budget went towards interest on the national debt; 25% of people were unemployed

Marie Antoinette, “Madame Deficit” The excessive spending by King Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette angered French citizens Marie Antoinette, “Madame Deficit”

What are you doing today? Important Dates for Global II: Goals for the Day: What are you doing today? We will continue the French Revolution Unit – MEALS of the French Revolution and One Note Assignment. We will also learn about the terms: Estates General, National Assembly, Tennis Court Oath, and the Declaration of the Rights of Man Important Dates for Global II: French Revolution – Part I – Questions – Due: Tomorrow – Friday, October 14th. 42c - identify the major ideas of the Enlightenment from the writings of Locke, Voltaire and Rousseau and their relationship to politics and society 43a - identify the causes and results of the revolutions in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti (1791), and Latin America (1808-1825) 43b - explain Napoleon's rise to power, defeat, and consequences for Europe What is the Enlightenment? (HA! book 35.2) Connect to Sci Rev, Renaissance, Prot Ref Conflict with old ideas, esp. kings & church Enlightenment Thinkers Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, (Beccaria??) Use ISN pg 242-3 (notes then questions to answer??) Matching Enlightenment thinkers w/ quotes (HA! 35 activity pg 823-825) Impact of Enlightenment (HA! book 35.8-9) Enlightened Despots, women, music, economics, foreshadow political revolutions Activity

One Note Assignment: What are you doing? You will read your notes, reading called PRELUDE TO REVOLUTION, links on the One Note and your notes. This assignment deals with MEALS of the French Revolution – You will assign the most important cause of the French Revolution. 42c - identify the major ideas of the Enlightenment from the writings of Locke, Voltaire and Rousseau and their relationship to politics and society 43a - identify the causes and results of the revolutions in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti (1791), and Latin America (1808-1825) 43b - explain Napoleon's rise to power, defeat, and consequences for Europe What is the Enlightenment? (HA! book 35.2) Connect to Sci Rev, Renaissance, Prot Ref Conflict with old ideas, esp. kings & church Enlightenment Thinkers Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, (Beccaria??) Use ISN pg 242-3 (notes then questions to answer??) Matching Enlightenment thinkers w/ quotes (HA! 35 activity pg 823-825) Impact of Enlightenment (HA! book 35.8-9) Enlightened Despots, women, music, economics, foreshadow political revolutions Activity

What are you doing today? Important Dates for Global II: Goals for the Day: What are you doing today? We will also learn about the terms: Estates General, National Assembly, Tennis Court Oath, and the Declaration of the Rights of Man Important Dates for Global II: Enjoy your weekend!  42c - identify the major ideas of the Enlightenment from the writings of Locke, Voltaire and Rousseau and their relationship to politics and society 43a - identify the causes and results of the revolutions in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti (1791), and Latin America (1808-1825) 43b - explain Napoleon's rise to power, defeat, and consequences for Europe What is the Enlightenment? (HA! book 35.2) Connect to Sci Rev, Renaissance, Prot Ref Conflict with old ideas, esp. kings & church Enlightenment Thinkers Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, (Beccaria??) Use ISN pg 242-3 (notes then questions to answer??) Matching Enlightenment thinkers w/ quotes (HA! 35 activity pg 823-825) Impact of Enlightenment (HA! book 35.8-9) Enlightened Despots, women, music, economics, foreshadow political revolutions Activity

French Revolution – Part I - Homework 1) Why did the King call the Estates General?

French Revolution – Part I - Homework 3) Why was the 3rd Estate frustrated with the Estates-General? What did the 3rd Estate do in June 1789?

By 1789, France was out of money and faced a serious financial crisis Louis XVI called an emergency meeting of the Estates-General where members from all 3 classes could advise the king

During the Estates-General, the First and Second Estates voted to increase taxes on the Third Estate The First and Second Estates decided to vote by order (1 vote per estate) rather than by head (by person) These decisions angered the members of the Third Estate who believed their rights were being violated

The Third Estate formed a new National Assembly to make laws for the French people In 1789, the National Assembly swore to an oath (The Tennis Court Oath) promising a new constitution and limitations on the king’s power

“Men are born free and equal in rights” The National Assembly wrote their revolutionary ideals in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen which said: “Men are born free and equal in rights” Rights include “liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression” It guaranteed freedom of speech, and freedom of religion, and equal justice

Meanwhile, the economic crisis continued Citizens were without food and faced starvation Angry protestors in Paris demanded new reforms

When rumors circulated that the king was going to send his army to Paris, citizens attacked the prison Bastille to seize weapons to defend themselves

The storming of the Bastille in 1789 represented the beginning of the French Revolution

In 1791, Louis XVI (16th)finally agreed to a new constitution that limited his power and created a limited monarchy But, Louis XVI failed to work with the National Assembly and France’s problems continued

Fearing the spread of France’s revolutionary ideas, Austria and Prussia (nations with monarchs) assembled armies to restore France’s absolute monarchy

In 1792, radicals took control of France and made important decisions: The radicals declared war against Austria and Prussia and 300,000 French soldiers were drafted into a national army in order to defend France

The French monarchy was overthrown and democratic republic was created; it was called the National Convention The slogan of the French Revolution became: “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”

In 1793, King Louis XVI was arrested, convicted of treason, and executed by guillotine

In 1793, King Louis XVI was arrested, convicted of treason, and executed by guillotine

In 1793, King Louis XVI was arrested, convicted of treason, and executed by guillotine

The Guillotine

What are you doing today? Important Dates for Global II: Goals for the Day: What are you doing today? We will also learn about the terms: National Assembly, Maximillian Robespierre, Reign of Terror, The directory, the end of the French Revolution, and the Rise of Napoleon Important Dates for Global II: Complete questions for French Revolution – Part II – Due: Tomorrow, Tuesday, October 18th. 42c - identify the major ideas of the Enlightenment from the writings of Locke, Voltaire and Rousseau and their relationship to politics and society 43a - identify the causes and results of the revolutions in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti (1791), and Latin America (1808-1825) 43b - explain Napoleon's rise to power, defeat, and consequences for Europe What is the Enlightenment? (HA! book 35.2) Connect to Sci Rev, Renaissance, Prot Ref Conflict with old ideas, esp. kings & church Enlightenment Thinkers Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, (Beccaria??) Use ISN pg 242-3 (notes then questions to answer??) Matching Enlightenment thinkers w/ quotes (HA! 35 activity pg 823-825) Impact of Enlightenment (HA! book 35.8-9) Enlightened Despots, women, music, economics, foreshadow political revolutions Activity

French Revolution – Part I - Homework 4) What is the Tennis Court Oath? 5) Why did the mobs storm the Bastille?

French Revolution – Part I - Homework 6) What reforms did the National Assembly make? 7) What was the Declaration of the Rights of Man? (What did it proclaim?)

The radical leaders of the National Convention feared that “enemies of the revolution” would try to overthrow the new republic

In 1793, radical Maximillian Robespierre slowly gained control of the National Convention

From 1793 to 1794, Robespierre executed 30,000 “traitors” during an era known as the Reign of Terror Not everyone Robespierre executed was a traitor; the Reign of Terror ended when French citizens turned on Robespierre and executed him

The Revolution came to an end in 1795, but France was in chaos The economic crisis had not been solved and people faced starvation

England, Holland, and Spain joined Austria and Prussia in the anti-revolutionary war against France

The Directory proved to be ineffective and corrupt The National Convention was replaced by France’s third government in six years called the Directory The Directory proved to be ineffective and corrupt

Felt the Revolution had gone too far Wanted to protect wealthy middle class

Membership mostly middle class Wanted Extreme Change Membership mostly middle class

Robespierre, the Directory, Reign of Terror Far Right Far Left Robespierre, the Directory, Reign of Terror King Louis XVI Moderates National Assembly

Robespierre, the Directory, Reign of Terror Far Right Far Left Robespierre, the Directory, Reign of Terror King Louis XVI Moderates National Assembly

Robespierre, the Directory, Reign of Terror Far Right Far Left Robespierre, the Directory, Reign of Terror King Louis XVI Napoleon Moderates National Assembly

RISE OF NAPOLEON In 1799, a French military general named Napoleon Bonaparte led a coup d'état and seized power in France As emperor of France, Napoleon introduced needed reforms, defeated foreign armies, and conquered a massive French empire