Chapter 8 Greek Culture section 1.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 8 Greek Culture section 1

Greek gods The greek gods had great power but the people did not fear them. They acted like humans; married, had children, played tricks on people. The gods lived on top of Mt. Olympus in the clouds . They could come and go as they pleased.

Greek gods All Greeks worshipped Zeus as their chief god. However each city-state chose a god or goddess as a protector. They would perform rituals (religious ceremonies)to gain the favor of their god. By doing rituals they hoped that the gods would reward them.

Greek gods - festivals Each city-state had festivals and sacrifices to their god. The most famous being the Olympics in Olympus. This festival (game) was done for the god Zeus. Each city-state sent their best athletes to participate. First Olympics was in 776B.C.

Oracle The Greeks believed in prophecy, or the prediction of the future. The gods gave prophecies to people to warn them about the future in order to change it. The Greeks would go to an Oracle to ask questions about their future to a priest or priestess. The most famous Oracle was at Delphi.

Greek Epics - Stories Homer wrote two famous epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey. These stories were based off the war between Greece and the city of Troy. Troy was in the modern day country of Turkey.

Iliad The prince of Troy falls in love with Helen. Helen is married to a king of Greece. The prince kidnaps Helen and takes her back to his city of Troy. The Greek king takes 1000’s of soldiers across the Aegean Sea to get Helen back. The Greeks couldn’t get past the walls protecting the city.

Iliad In order to get into the city. the Greeks trick the Trojans by constructing a huge hollow wooden horse. The Trojans think that they won the war and that the horse in a victory prize.

Iliad They roll the horse into the city. That night the Greeks came out of the horse and opened the gates of the city for the rest of the soldiers The Greeks capture the city, rescue Helen and take her back to Greece.

Odyssey This epic tells of Odysseus, a Greek hero of the Trojan war. It describes his long trip home after the war. He faces storms, monsters, and witches on the way. It takes him 10 years to get home.

Reason for the Epic poems These stories gave the Greeks an ideal past with a cast of Heroes. Homer’s stories taught courage and honor. To be loyal to your friends and to value the relationships between husband and wife. Heroes became role models for Greek kids.

Greek Drama Greeks enjoyed tragedies and comedies In the play Antigone, a King tells Antigone that she can’t bury her brother who was a part of a revolt against the king. Antigone has to decide if she should listen to the king or listen to the rules of the gods about burying the dead. Is it better to obey orders or do what is right?