PROGRAMMING WITH C ++

WHAT IS A LANGUAGE & WHY WE NEED

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES: BASIC COBOL PYTHON FORTRAN LISP PASCAL ADA PERL RUBY PROLOG SCIENTIFIC & ENGINEERING PURPOSE

ANSI----->AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD INSTITUTE ALGOL-60 CPL BCPL----> MARTIN RICHARDS B---> KEN THOMPSON C LANGUAGE

INTRODUCTION TO C , C++ C LANGUAGE WAS DESIGNED BY “DENNIS RITCHIE IN 1972 at AT & T BELL LABORATORIES C IS A STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES IT IS USED TO DESIGN DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS C ++ IS AN EXTENSION OF C LANGUAGE C ++ WAS DESIGNED BY “BJARNE STROUSTRUP” IN 1980

IT IS MACHINE DEPENDENT LANGUAGE C++ IS 00PS( S---> SYSTEM) DENNIS RITCHIE BJARNE STROUSTRUP

APPLICATIONS OF C ++ WHEN ANY NEW FEATURE IS NEEDED TO IMPLEMENT, VERY EASY TO ADD TO EXISTING STRUCTURE C ++ WILL REPLACE C-LANGUAGE IN FUTURE

FEATURES OF OOPS

OBJECT AN OBJECT WHICH EXISTS PHYSICALLY IN THE WORLD AN OBJECT WILL HAVE BEHAVIOUR BEHAVIOUR IS REPRESENTED BY PROPERTIES & ACTIONS EX: human NAME, AGE GENDER PROPERTIES WALK, TALK, DANCE, SING ACTIONS

CLASS A CLASS IS A MODEL OR A PLAN TO CREATE AN OBJECT A CLASS IS A BLUE PRINT OF AN OBJECT

CLASS & OBJECT

INHERITANCE CREATING A NEW CLASS FROM AN EXISTING CLASS. TEACHER EMPLOYEE PRINCIPAL DEAN INCHARGE

DATA ABSTRACTION DATA ENCAPSULATION HIDING UNNECESSARY INFORMATION FROM THE USER & GIVING RELEVANT DATA. DISPLAYS THE INFORMATION WHEN THE USER REQUESTS. DATA ENCAPSULATION

ABSTRACTION & ENCAPSULATION

POLYMORPHISM IT IS CAME FROM 2 GREEK WORDS WHICH MEANS “ MANY FORMS ”.

DYNAMIC BINDING IT MEANS A BLOCK OF CODE WILL BE EXECUTED WHENEVER A USER CALLS. IT IS ALSO CALLED AS “dynamic-dispacth”, “late binding”, “runtime binding”.

STRUCTURE OF C++ DOCUMENTATION SECTION //-------------------- /*--------------------*/ LINKING SECTION----------->HEADER FILES DEFINITION SECTION--->TO DECLARE SYMBOLS MAIN FUNCTION-------> LOGIC TO GIVE COMMENTS

WORKING WITH C++ TO WORK WITH C++ WE NEED AN EDITOR: TURBO C++ We need an editor to type, save, open, compile & to run a program Double click this icon on desktop To start c + + programming

WE WILL SEE two small PROGRAMs IN C++

AFTER WRITING THE PROGRAM WE HAVE TO COMPILE THE PROGRAM TO CHECK ERRORS. AFTER COMPILATION WE NEED TO RUN THE PROGRAM FOR OUTPUT. RUN----------> ALT + F9 ALT + F5 CTRL + F9

#INCLUDE<IOSTREAM.H>: #--------> PREPOSESSOR INCLUDE-----> INCLUDING IOSTREAM FILE IOSTREAM------> IOSTREAM IS AN HEADER FILE THAT CONTAINS FILES LIKE: INPUT & OUTPUT STATEMENTS. EVERY C++ PROGRAM SHOULD HAVE ONE HEADER FILE. MAIN(): EVERY C++ PROGRAM SHOULD HAVE ONE MAIN(), THE PROGRAM EXECUTION STARTS FROM MAIN().

OUTPUT OPERATOR: COUT----->TO PRINT << -------> INSERTION OR PUT TO OPERATOR. INPUT OPERATOR: CIN---> TO TAKE INPUT >>-----> EXTRACTION OPERATOR

RETURN TYPE: EVERY C++ PROGRAM SHOULD END WITH RETURN 0 RETURN TYPE: EVERY C++ PROGRAM SHOULD END WITH RETURN 0. OTHERWISE, IT GIVES YOU A WARNING. CASCADING I/O OPERATOR: WE CAN USE THE INSERTION OPERATOR (<<) TWO TIMES IN A SINGLE STATEMENT.