RESOURCES FROM THE OCEAN WRITE DOWN EVERYTHING IN YELLOW

Resources from the Ocean Are divided into 2 categories Living Nonliving We can harvest minerals, food, and energy from the ocean

Living Resources Seaweed: species of alga (kelp) Rich in protein Fast growing Used in jellies, ice cream, sushi

Living Resources Fishing: 75 million tons of fish harvested Drift nets: catch large numbers of fish but also catch other animals (dolphins and turtles) ( BYCATCH) Overfishing: taking more fish than can be naturally replaced

Living Resources Farming: raising ocean food in farms (AQUACULTURE) Nets protect fish from predators Help supplement our fish supply Others: shrimp, oysters, crabs, mussels

Nonliving Resources Oil and natural gas Desalination Sea-floor minerals Tidal energy Wave energy

Oil and Natural Gas Are nonrenewable resources (see vocab) they are used up faster than they can be replenished naturally Locate using seismic equipment Drill through many layers of rock to get to oil

Desalination process of removing salt from sea water Used in hot, dry climates where there is little rainfall to make drinking water Middle East, Saudi Arabia Not as simple as it sounds Very expensive

Sea-Floor Minerals Found in nodules on ocean floor Nodules form when dissolved substances stick to pebbles Contain manganese, iron, copper, nickel, cobalt, phosphates Located in deeper parts of ocean Mining is difficult and costly

Tidal Energy (See vocab) Energy generated by the movement of tides Uses the natural movement of tides Is a renewable resource (see vocab) resource that can be replaced in time after being used Clean and inexpensive Is practical in only a few places Coastline with shallow, narrow channels

Tidal Energy Figure pg. 102 in textbook

Wave Energy Clean, renewable resource Different from tidal energy Uses constant motion of waves Can only be used in areas where waves are strong In North Sea, waves strong enough to make power for parts of Scotland and England Diagrams from: http://ocsenergy.anl.gov/guide/wave/index.cfm

OCEAN NUTRIENTS AND MINERALS

PRODUCTION OF NUTRIENTS Production is greatest in the surface layers because of photosynthesis. Microscopic algae (plankton) serve as the base of the ocean food web and provides most of the world’s oxygen

CURRENTS AND UPWELLING Currents and recycling processes make nutrients, minerals, and gases available to marine life. UPWELLING-A CURRENT IN WHICH COLD NUTRIENT-RICH WATER RISES TO THE SURFACE FROM THE OCEAN DEPTHS