Reading Assignment Pages: 35-43 [Reading Quiz] 89-91

Journal #19 Source: History Safari

List three practices of Ancient Egypt that seem most unusual to you List three practices of Ancient Egypt that seem most unusual to you. Explain why you chose these three practices. What are some practices or traditions that we have today that might seem unusual to a person 2,000 years from now? What is the importance of the Rosetta Stone?

Introduction: Ancient Egypt Area now called Egypt was originally known as Kemet or “black-land” Given the name Egypt by the Greeks Lotus is the symbol of Upper Egypt Papyrus is the symbol of Lower Egypt

Lotus Flower

Papyrus Plant

Papyrus Paper

Introduction: Ancient Egypt East bank of Nile River – location of temples. Why?  West bank of Nile River – location of tombs.

Four themes to be studied: 1. Geography – importance of Nile River; location of settlements; protection from invasion – Sahara Desert; cataracts [blocks passage along Nile River; only last 650 miles can be navigated by boat]

Four themes to be studied: 2. Religion – greatest influence on daily life of people; prepare for afterlife; major gods & goddesses; mummification rituals

Four themes to be studied: 3. Architecture – most recognized part of Ancient Egypt; “bigger was better”; most structures reflected importance of religion; Pyramids; Sphinx; Abu Simbel

Four themes to be studied: 4. People – focus of the leaders known as pharaohs – Hatshepsut; Akhenaten; Tutankhamun; Ramses II; Cleopatra

Physical Political Historical Mediterranean Sea Giza The Pyramids Cairo * Physical Political Historical Lower Egypt Akhetaton* Valley of the Kings & Queens Abydos * holy city Red Sea *Thebes capital Sahara Desert Upper Egypt 1st Cataract Abu Simbel Nile River

Time Line for Ancient Egypt 3100 B.C. Egypt was united under Menes (Narmer) who founded the first dynasty. 2700 B.C. Beginning of the Old Kingdom or Age of the Pyramids. 2100 B.C. Beginning of the Middle Kingdom or the Age of the Nobles 1700 B.C. Egypt is conquered by the Hyskos

Time Line for Ancient Egypt 1580 B.C. Egyptians drive the Hyskos out. 1570 B.C. Beginning of the New Kingdom. 1500 B.C. Egyptian Empire reaches its height. 1380 B.C. Reign of Akhenaten begins. He tries to change the religion of the land to that of one god, Aten, the sun.

Time Line for Ancient Egypt 1361 B.C. The reign of Tutankhamen begins. He restores the old gods. 1352 B.C. Death of Tutankhamen. 1304 B.C. Reign of Ramses II, great warrior against the Hittites. 1085 B.C. The period of decline begins.

Time Line for Ancient Egypt 669 B.C. Assyrians invade Egypt. 525 B.C. Persians drive the Assyrians out and take over Egypt. 332 B.C. Alexander the Great invades Egypt. 31 B.C. The army of the last queen of Egypt, Cleopatra, is defeated at Actium. Egypt becomes a province of Rome.