Engaging Your Audience Chapter 11 Delivery: Engaging Your Audience

What We Will Discuss Speaker and adapting to audience and speech situation Types of speeches Nonverbal behavior Eight dimensions of nonverbal system Controlling self-adaptive behavior Nonverbal behaviors that affect the audience Nonverbal and effective delivery Improving credibility Proactive vs Reactive speaking

Methods of Delivery Manuscript =Written out word for word Memorized = Committed to memory Impromptu = Off-the-cuff speaking Excellent tips in textbook Extemporaneous: A blend of preparation and spontaneity the best choice for most situations

Adapting Your Delivery To . . . Diverse audiences: Consider the cultural norms of the audience The occasion Check on the room beforehand; plan your delivery accordingly (e.g., microphone) Your personal style?

Using Your Voice Vocal production = “Vocalics” Speak in your own voice Match to general and specific speech purpose Volume Pitch Range Rhythm Tempo Articulation Speak in your own voice Practice to become competent Match to general speech purpose

Nonverbal Characteristics of Delivery Continuous Cannot NOT communicate Simultaneous use of channels All the senses Spontaneous Hard to regulate What nonverbal behavior reveals Exercise caution Cultures differ

Nonverbal Communication System Environment = physical surroundings Internal = state of humans Zone of Interaction = area where speaker must maintain eye contact Speaker movement and interaction with audience Speaker immediacy by moving into audience

Traditional Zone of Interaction Insert Exhibit 11.2

Shifting the Zone of Interaction Through Movement Insert Exhibit 11.3

Nonverbal Communication System Appearance = effects source credibility Eyes = continuous and immediate Face = congruent with words spoken Gestures = appropriate to speech purpose Posture = demonstrates speaker confidence Touch = minimize self-adapting behavior Time = always consider time constraints

Tips for Gestures and Movement Be natural; your gestures should reflect your normal conversational style Move when necessary to include all of your audience in the zone of interaction Use your hands for illustration Don’t hold notes in both hands; keep at least one free for gestures

Tips for Appearance, Face, and Eyes Be expressive with your face Posture affects your credibility Your attire affects your credibility Continuous eye contact is essential Make eye contact with individual members of your audience Avoid favoring a specific audience segment or person with your eye contact Dress appropriately and lose the ball cap/sunglasses

Making the Most of Nonverbal Behavior Use Nonverbal behaviors to… Excite the audience Repeat your message Contradict your message Substitute for a verbal cue Deliver a powerful speech Complement your message Increase perceptions of immediacy

Proactive Delivery Rehearse Time your speech Avoid self-adapters Use natural gestures Take control of your appearance Take control of your environment