Urban Heat Island and Street Design

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
What is an Urban Heat Island? Just from the name of this term, make a guess at what it means. Write the answer in your green book.
Advertisements

David J. Sailor1 and Hongli Fan2 1. Portland State University
/14 Term project 2006 Definition of Urban Heat Island and it’s mechanism Department of Civil and Environmental System Engineering University.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 2 Green Infrastructure – Community Vision March 14, 2013 Ensuring safe and clean water for all Americans Ensuring.
W AYS TO E FFECTIVELY R EDUCE U RBAN H EAT I SLAND E FFECTS Dallas Urban Heat Island Options.
Mesoscale Urban Modeling: Inclusion of Anthropogenic Heating Najat Benbouta Environmental Emergency Response Division, CMC.
The Roof Garden Initiative of the City of New York Promoting health, leisure, and environmental friendliness on a metropolitan scale.
Landmark Solaris. Discussion topics Solar reflective roofing terminology Key industry rating guidelines The advantages of Landmark Solaris Features and.
Principles of Architecture and Construction
© Crown copyright Met Office Climate Change, Cities, and the Urban Heat Island Mark McCarthy, Martin Best, Richard Betts, Maggie Hendry.
Seasons Why we have them And some local effects. The Earth tilts The Earth travels around the sun in an ellipse –The tilt of the North of the Earth is.
Sustainable solutions to large scale architecture, urban planning and design
San Antonio “Hot Islands” Sandra Ytuarte December 1, 2004 Noreen Castellano.
Urban Changes & Climate
City of Brisbane Open Space & Ecology Committee April 27, 2006 Baylands EIR Scoping.
Sustainability at Western Harbor Malmö, Sweden October 11, 2006.
Planning for Smart Growth in Rural New Hampshire SWRPC Southwest Region Planning Commission.
Ecology & Environmental Problems Ron Chesser Urban Ecology Chapters 6, 27.
A “Form-Based” Approach to Development. From the 2004 Marquette Community Master Plan Our Vision: “Marquette—The premier livable/walkable winter city.
Aude Lemonsu, S. Bélair, J. Mailhot. Urban canopy models are physically-based models parameterizing radiative, energetic and turbulent exchanges between.
14.2. Bellringer Urbanization Urbanization is an increase in the ratio or density of people living in urban areas rather than in rural areas. – In developed.
Explain what this picture shows. (your definition of heat island)
Urban Heat Islands An urban heat island is a metropolitan area which is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas.
Air Quality of NY By: Siré Bah and Stanley Mei. Why is Air Quality Important? O.o Why is Air Quality Important? O.o ♦ It is part of your everyday life.
Energy Design of Buildings using Thermal Mass Cement Association of Canada July 2006.
URBAN DESIGN WHAT DOES URBAN MEAN?. URBAN DESIGN Urban means: relating to, or characteristic of a city or town.
Chapter 9 The Urban World. Population and Urbanization  As of 2008, half of the world’s population lives in urban areas.
Developing scenarios Accepting intelligent infrastructure Resistant to intelligent infrastructure High impact transport Low impact transport good intentions.
Chapter 9 The Urban World. Population and Urbanization  As of 2008, half of the world’s population lives in urban areas.
Green Materials for building construction  Materials or products that Minimize resource use  Materials or products with Low environmental impact  Materials.
Module 5: Solutions – Sustainable Urban Communities MPP 655: Policy Making for Sustainable Urban Communities 1MPP Module 5.
Urban Heat Islands and Mitigation Strategies
VEHICLE NAVIGATION AND TEMPERATURE RISE IN THE CITY Prof.Dr.Orhan KUNTAY.
Chapter 10 The Urban World. Overview of Chapter 10 o Population and Urbanization Characteristics of Urban Population Characteristics of Urban Population.
BUILDING ENERGY ANALYSIS OVERVIEW OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN BUILDING SECTOR- GLOBAL AND SAUDI PERSPECTIVE.
LEED Certification in Qatar
© 2016 Global Market Insights, Inc. USA. All Rights Reserved Global Middle East District Cooling Market to hit $12bn by 2024: Global.
Urban Climate Characteristics
UEE Seminar Series Transportation, Environment and Energy
Managing Environmental Problems and the Urban Microclimate
Creating a Cooler Phoenix
Technological Design Sustainable Construction
Lesson objectives: To examine the other symptoms of urban stress
Impacts of Land Use Changes From Urban Development on Future Air Quality in Kansas City 15th CMAS Conference 10/26/2016 Yuqiang Zhang, Jesse Bash, Shawn.
Chinese Urbanism in Global Context
we are making Qatar greener since 1998
Strategies to Reduce Urban Heat Islands
Chapter 10 The Urban World
Urban Heat Island (UHI)
Urban Heat Island (UHI)
Chapter 10 The Urban World.
Sustainable Cities: Urban Land Use and Management
ALBEDO ability of a surface to reflect light & heat energy back into the atmosphere & space Low Medium High anything darker / black anything middle spectrum.
Section 2: Urban Land Use
Section 2: Urban Land Use
A Science Sisters Presentation.
Urban Heat Islands An urban heat island is a metropolitan area which is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas. Urban fabric.
Heat Islands and Soil.
Urban Heat Islands An urban heat island is a metropolitan area which is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas. Urban fabric.
Taking a Holistic Approach to Accessibility Evaluation
Heat Islands 2.6.3B EXPLAIN HOW LARGE-SCALE DEVELOPMENT CONTRIBUTES TO REGIONAL CHANGES IN CLIMATE (I.E. HEAT ISLANDS IN LARGE CITIES LIKE NY, CHICAGO,
Section 2: Urban Land Use
Objectives Describe the urban crisis, and explain what people are doing to deal with it. Explain how urban sprawl affects the environment. Explain how.
Section 2: Urban Land Use
Land Use: Part 2.
Urban Form & Structure of Residential Area in Duhok
Objectives Describe the urban crisis, and explain what people are doing to deal with it. Explain how urban sprawl affects the environment. Explain how.
Do Now Please have out any information pertaining to heat islands as we will be discussing them today to prepare for your engineering design challenge.
Ch 10 Land Use These lectures contain copyrighted images that are provided in the teacher materials for Friedland/Relyea Environmental Science for AP Textbook.
Design Charrette and Detailing
Presentation transcript:

Urban Heat Island and Street Design The case of the city of Doha in Qatar Sunrise in Doha - © 2016 - D. Gauthier IAIA Conference 2017 - Montreal, Quebec, Canada Daniel Gauthier - Landscape Architect, Environmental & Sustainability Manager - CSLA, GSAS CGP

Qatar and Doha Qatar and Doha - Contrast between old and new Traditional Dhows and Business district - © 2016 - D. Gauthier

content What are Urban Heat Islands (UHI) Urban Heat Islands in Doha, Qatar TRADITIONAL streets of Qatar GREEN BUILDINGS CERTIFICATION AND uhi Public Realm guidelines and UHI

What Are Urban Heats Islands ? Shaded street in Doha - © 2016 - D. Gauthier Workers resting in the shade- © 2015 - D. Gauthier copyright

What ARE URBAN HEAT ISLANDS ? Typical differences in temperatures between city centers are rural area, late afternoon °C 33 32 31 30 Downtown 29 Commercial Urban Residential Suburban Residential Park Rural Farmland Suburban Residential Rural © 2016 - D. Gauthier based on an EPA illustration

What ARE URBAN HEAT ISLANDS ? What are the contributing factors to UHI Season time of the day Water bodies Shade Evapotranspiration Solar Reflectance Urban Canopy Layer Sky view factor Anthropogenic Contributions

Urban Heats Islands in doha, qatar Intense sun in Al Wakrah - © 2015 - D. Gauthier

Urban Heat Island in Doha, Qatar Long summer season Arabian Gulf North & West winds 07:00 pm © 2016 - Makido S., Shandas V., Ferwati S., Sailor D. Doha 01:00 pm Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates 06:00 am

Urban Heat Island in Doha, Qatar Long summer season Arabian Gulf North & West winds Scarce vegetation Over dimensioned streets paved with asphalt. Wide streets, low buildings Streets of Doha- © 2017 - D. Gauthier

Urban Heat Island in Doha, Qatar Long summer season Arabian Gulf North & West winds Scarce vegetation Over dimensioned streets paved with asphalt. Wide streets, low buildings Dark building material with low solar reflectance Center Business district of Doha- © 2017 - D. Gauthier

Urban Heat Island in Doha, Qatar Long summer season Arabian Gulf North & West winds Scarce vegetation Over dimensioned streets paved with asphalt. Wide streets, low buildings Dark building material with low solar reflectance Heavy traffic and no electric public transportation yet Metro of Doha- © 2017 - D. Gauthier

Traditional streets of DOHA Old street of Doha - © 2015 - D. Gauthier

Traditional streets of doha Narrow streets Shading casts by buildings Pale color material Streets oriented toward the Gulf to catch the breeze Little human activities generating heat Doha in 1949 © 2005-2017 John Lockerbie

Traditional streets of doha Old street of Doha - © 2017 - D. Gauthier

Traditional streets of doha Old street of Doha - © 2016 - D. Gauthier

Traditional streets of doha Old street of Doha - © 2015 - D. Gauthier

Traditional streets of doha Old street of Doha - © 2016 - D. Gauthier

GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION AND UHI

GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION and UHI Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(LEED) internationally recognized Global Sustainability Assessment System (GSAS) in Gulf countries One scheme is dedicated to districts and infrastructures One of the criteria is evaluating the impact of the Project on UHI.

GREEN BUILDING CERTIFICATION and UHI GSAS Criteria OE1 – Heat Island Effect: minimize Heat Island Effect to reduce its impact on the surrounding habitat and environment. Evaluation is based only on 1) sky view factor and 2) solar reflectance of material comparing before and after situations

Public Realm Guidelines and UHI Qatar National Public Realm Guidelines- © 2014 - AECOM Old street of Doha - © 2015 - D. Gauthier

Public realm guidelines and uhi Released in 2014, goal of the guidelines is: “To begin a paradigm shift from a public realm primarily driven by the needs of vehicular-based transport to a more human-scale pedestrian friendly country”. Vision for street design include: Streets design for people Streets that reflects the local culture Streets which are resilient Streets which promote positive behaviors Qatar National Public Realm Guidelines- © 2014 - AECOM

Public realm guidelines and uhi Historical Center Streets Qatar National Public Realm Guidelines- © 2014 - AECOM Old street of Doha - © 2016 - D. Gauthier

Public realm guidelines and uhi Mixed Used Streets Qatar National Public Realm Guidelines- © 2014 - AECOM Old street of Doha - © 2016 - D. Gauthier

NEXT STEPS EGIS is currently developing a comprehensive approach for assessing UHI related to infrastructures such as urban highways. It will include: Baseline Surveys including mapping tools using GIS, ground-borne thermic cameras and meteorological micro-sensors; Impact Assessment using GIS based modeling tools Measures Development including nature based and engineering solutions. Qatar National Public Realm Guidelines- © 2014 - AECOM Old street of Doha - © 2016 - D. Gauthier

Thank you ! Daniel Gauthier Landscape Architect Environmental & Sustainability Manager daniel.gauthier@egis.fr Souq Al Wakrah- © 2015 - D. Gauthier