Gender perspective at different levels DPKO Development guidelines 2009 Tool: practical translation UNSCR mandates on WPS Support Military personnel They represent all the layers of military engagement

NORDIC CENTRE FOR GENDER IN MILITARY OPERATIONS www.mil.se/swedint AIM : Understand that different activities are needed in order to integrate a Gender Perspective at different levels Apply the Department of PeaceKeeping Operations (DPKO) guideliness Trainer needs to understand: The training audience Target audience can be different levels: strategic, operational and tactical level

Gender perspective A conflict will not affect men and women in the same way. Even if they are civilians or combatants, conflict are higly gendered and will therefor have a different impact on men and women. For this reason, anyone operating in a conflict setting must have a gender perspective. To have a gender perspective is to have the ability to detect if and when men, women, boys and girls are being affected differently by a situation due to their gender.

Have you ever used a gender perspective? YOUTUBE link: “Sustainable Gender Equality” a film about gender mainstreaming in practice They can be outside of a conflict context as well. Snow removal example: 3.18 No question is gender neutral. Everything that you do will affect the local population and the local population consists of both men, women, boys and girls. For this reason, you must always use your gender perspective when planning, conducting and evaluating any task or project. “you must” GP directly relates Mission’s mandate: inlcudes “protection of civilians” both women and men must be protected. different situation and different security needs: detect these differences and address them. Experiences of peacekeeping: using GP during the conflict and in the peace process will lead to sustainable peace When women are left out, the conflict is more likely to reoccur.

Employing a Gender Perspective as an operational tool Contributes to: better situational awareness mission mandate: protecting the entire population overall operational effectiveness Contributes: better situational awareness Mission mandate: protect civilian execution of tasks at tactical level, activities at operational level and to overall effectiveness of operations.

GENAD/GFA/GFP structure NORDIC CENTRE FOR GENDER IN MILITARY OPERATIONS www.mil.se/swedint GENAD/GFA/GFP structure Political-Strategic Level Commander OHQ Military-Strategic Level GENAD/GFP Commander FHQ Operational Level GENAD/GFP LCC Land ACC Air MCC Mar GENAD/GFA GENAD/GFA GENAD/GFA Remember this one from the Bi sc 40/1 briefing. GENAD/GFA/GFP: SUPPORT AND ADVISE the Commander or Command Group on gender perspective SUPPORT different staff functions on how to integrate gender perspective into their respective tasks and products. GENAD : PE headquarter HQ and at strategic/operational levels: direct access Commander or the Command Group in order to underline gender perspective as a cross functional area. reports directly to the Commander and provides support to ensure that planning, execution and evaluation properly integrate a gender perspective. GFA: similar tasks operational/tactical level. GFP: dual-hatted position supports the Unit Commander in implementing directives and procedures with a gender perspective. Integration GP: always the responsibility of the Commander Units Units Units Tactical Level GFA/GFP GFA/GFP GFA/GFP

Tasks of Military Staffs Gender perspective Gender perspective Planning Execution Military staffs will plan, execute and assess operations and missions. cross-cutting theme to be included in all processes. a red thread throughout the tasks of military staffs. Assessment

Military Levels Strategic Operational Tactical The level at which a nation or group of nations determines national or multinational security objectives and employs its resources to achieve them Operational The level at which campaigns and major operations are planned, conducted and sustained to accomplish strategic military objectives within theatres or areas of operations Tactical The level at which battles and engagements are planned and executed to accomplish military objectives assigned to tactical formations and units Before explaining GP TA useful to explain the different levels within the military structure. Maybe: instructor need to translate the levels used by NATO (as described in the slide) and adjust to your own national structure. DPKO tool and checklist

Gender mainstreaming at the Strategic, Operational and Tactical Levels TA categories can be different levels: strategic, operational and tactical level All this levels work with different things and have different tasks, there fore the content of training as well as the methods should vary accordingly

When is gender mainstreaming needed at the strategic level? You can write the examples that students give on a white board And then compare that with next slide… At the strategic level… 1. Strategic military guidance and policy 2. Military operation planning 3. Military planning to enhance conditions of service 4. Force generation 5. Monitoring and reporting 6. Operational advice and support TCC

Gender mainstreaming for strategic level activities 1. Strategic military guidance and policy 2. Military operation planning 3. Military planning to enhance conditions of service 4. Force generation 5. Monitoring and reporting 6. Operational advice and support TCC strategic level; Analysis  incorporate in Operational plans/strategies activities comprise: Development guidance & policy Including relevant principles and objectives WPS Assessment differences in security priorities Specific needs deployed mil personnel Balance number male/female Report progress mil efforts Underlines HR, including rights women and girls

Examples strategic gender considerations Parameters: Promoting guidance equality/ empowerment reinforced through pre-deployment training 2. Access different sources of information influence strategic plans Avoid stereotype: women as victims 3. Planning activities anticipate on need separate accommodations female own troops budgetary In mission Induction: including info on sexual harassment 4. Deploying mixed gender teams in AO more women 5.Report progress on WPS: special reports/thematic report Use sex disaggregated data 6. Advice to TCC’s/ nominating GFP DPKO Checklist strategic level

Internal or External focus NORDIC CENTRE FOR GENDER IN MILITARY OPERATIONS Internal or External focus External (operations): Principles of UNSCR 1325 integrated into planning, implementation and evaluation of operations Promoting participation of women in international operations Internal (personnel): Gender equality Preventing sexual harassment Preventing discrimination Promoting increased recruitment of women in the forces

When is gender mainstreaming needed at the strategic level? You can write the examples that students give on a white board And then compare that with next slide… Operational level: translation strategic guidance in to field level duties & coordination in accordance with the mission mandate Depending on the scope of the mandate, these military tasks may include activities to ensure: 1. Military protection activities 2. Security support activities (incl. DDR, Electoral security, Support to National security Forces, Mission Support) 3. Monitoring and verification activities 4. Military liaison activities

Gender objectives for operational level activities 1. Military protection activities 2. Security support activities 3. Monitoring and verification activities 4. Military liaison activities Gender Objectives for Operational-Level Tasks: 1. all measures: protection of civilians support the delivery of humanitarian assistance protect UN facilities and personnel respond to the priorities of both women and men. 2. impact on women and women`s role in and contribution to peace and security processes. Includes in IO. 3. military component of peacekeeping operations  contributions/perspectives of both women and men in the host country. Mont/verif implem peace agreements 4. integrated approach to implementation of mandates on women, peace and security.

Examples operational Gender considerations Gender unit direct access female population GFP/women organizations, more trust in protection 2. DDR: reintegration programs ex fem combatants Electoral Security: security risk fully part. fem, Support to NSF: mentoring, training, advisory HN Mission Support: fem/mal TCC MS function engineering 3. Mixed patrolling, info ops, confidence building, interpret 4. police, HR components, GENAD CDT, CIMIC DPKO Checklist Operational level Military Activities

When is gender mainstreaming needed at the strategic level? You can write the examples that students give on a white board And then compare that with next slide… Tactical level: military activities involve translation of concepts/guidance into tasks that can be implemented. related to: 1. Patrol duties 2. Checkpoints and roadblock duties 3. Search operations 4. Protection tasks 5. Security support tasks 6. Monitoring and verification tasks 7. Military liaison tasks

Gender objectives for tactical level activities 1. Patrol duties 2. Checkpoints, roadblocks, search operations 3. Protection tasks 4. Security support tasks 5. Monitoring and verification tasks 6. Military liaison tasks At the tactical level, military activities involve the translation of concepts and guidance into tasks that can be implemented. These include activities related to the protection of civilians, patrolling, checkpoint duties, humanitarian aid support and assistance to national security forces. Gender Objectives for Tactical-Level Tasks: 1. enhance information operations and helps to facilitate increased protection for woman and girls. 2. include appropriate provisions for conducting searches and involve gender- and culturally-sensitive procedures. 3. addressing the specific protection concerns of woman and girls 4. including DDR, support for elections, national security forces. 5. assess differences in security risks/consulted during information operations. 6. mixed teams reach out to entire local population.

Examples tactical gender considerations 1. Mixed teams footpatrols: antenne security Fetching water/firewoods 2. Complex role women: comb + mulesfem off, separate holding areas 3. absents/ineff local pol: initial respons: appr/support victims Food distribution: power relations, camp displaced: camp set up 4. DDR: Female excombatants, sep facilities, coll local women org. Elections: security violence/ intimidation, patrol routes support NSF: reform/ reconstr, mentors/rolemodels 5. Consulting by extending patrols, marketplaces, sex disaggregated info 6. cooperating, GFP, implementation QIP’s ( distribute/ good hygiene lessons) DPKO Checklist Tactical level Military Activities

Summary To have a gender perspective is to have the ability to detect if and when men, women, boys and girls are being affected differently by a situation due to their gender. Everyone’s responsible for gender mainstreaming. There are different activities and considerations at different levels DPKO/DFS guideliness: Tool & Checklist

Gender perspective at different levels ?Questions? DPKO Development guidelines 2009 Tool: practical translation UNSCR mandates on WPS Support Military personnel They represent all the layers of military engagement