Review for Test 3
Review Birth of Islam Five Pillars of Islam The Early Caliphate Muhammad Flees Mecca - Hijra Qur’an, Hadith, Sunna Five Pillars of Islam There is one god, and Muhammad is his prophet Prayer 5 times daily Fasting, and observance of Dietary prohibitions Almsgiving to the poor If possible, must make a pilgrimage to Mecca The Early Caliphate Abu Bakr Umar (Omar) Ali Shi’ites (Shi’a) Sunni Umayyad Dynasty Muawiya Afghanistan to Spain
Review Franks East-West Church Pippin III - Pepin the Short Pippin I - Pepin the Elder Mayor of the Palace Charles “The Hammer” Martel Battle of Tours / Battle of Poitiers East-West Church Iconoclasm Caesaropapism Pippin III - Pepin the Short King of the Franks Pippin Vs. Lombards Papal States Tang Dynasty Well-field system Emperor Xuanzong Chan (Zen) Buddhism Greatest Single Foreign Cultural Force
Review Japan Tale of the Genji Khmer / Kampuchea Ghana Prince Shotoku Seventeen Point Constitution Chinese influence Tale of the Genji World’s first novel Murasaki Shikibu Khmer / Kampuchea Ankor Wat Ghana Gold Trade The Abbasid Caliphate Rebellion Abu al-Abbas Baghdad Harun al-Rashid “Golden Age” Averroës - Philosophy al-Khwarizmi - Algebra Avicenna - al-Qanun
Review The Carolingian Empire The Carolingian Renaissance Charlemagne Missi Dominici “Agents of the Lord King” Holy Roman Emperor The Carolingian Renaissance Alcuin “Caroline minuscule” The Venerable Bede Ecclesiastical History of the English People Calendar anno Domini – “in the year of our Lord” The Slavs - Eastern Europe West Slavs - Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Wends South Slavs - Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Macedonians, and Bosnians East Slavs - White Rus (Ukranians, Belorussians), Red Rus (Russians)
Review Division of the Franks Invasions Kievan Rus Treaty of Verdun Invasions Magyars Muslims Vikings Kievan Rus Varangians (Vikings) Rurik – Circa 860 Cyril and Methodius Cyrillic Alphabet Vladimir I Christianity The Byzantine Empire Macedonian Dynasty Basil I Anglo-Saxons (Early England) The Danelaw Alfred the Great King of Wessex King of the Anglo-Saxons
Review Central Europe (Early Germany) Magyars / Hungarians Otto I Battle of Lechfeld Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Empire Magyars / Hungarians Geza Stephen I West Francia (Early France) Capetian Dynasty Hugh Capet Abbasid Caliphate Widening Shiite-Sunni split Fatimid expansion Buyid takeover Amir Mu'izz al-Dawla Song Dynasty Song Taizu Innovations Printing Paper Currency Abacus Gunpowder
Review The Seven Sacraments Feudalism / Serfdom Agriculture Nobility Baptism Confession Confirmation Communion Holy Matrimony Holy Orders Anointing of the Sick / Extreme Unction Feudalism / Serfdom Fief Serf Vassal Agriculture Three Field System Nobility Castles The Knights Chivalry Tournaments Medieval Trade Italian Cities Flanders
Review Education Peter Abelard “Scholasticism” Thomas Aquinas Bologna – First University Peter Abelard Sic et Non “Scholasticism” Thomas Aquinas Greatest of the Scholastics Summa Theologia East-West Schism / First Great Schism - 1054 Excommunication Eastern (Greek) Orthodox Roman Catholic Church Issues and Reform Pope Gregory VII Cardinals Lay Investiture Investiture Controversy
Review England Sicily The Seljuk Turks The Crusades Begin Edward “The Confessor” Harold Godwinson Duke of Wessex William “The Conquerer” Duke of Normandy Battle of Hastings October 1066 The Domesday Book Sicily Roger de Hautville The Seljuk Turks Abbasid Caliphate Capture of Jerusalem Byzantine Reaction The Crusades Begin Pope Urban II Indulgence The First Crusade Only truly successful Crusade (for Europe)
Review Henry II of England Holy Roman Empire The Third Crusade Common law Jury Inheritance in France Thomas Becket - Archbishop of Canterbury Holy Roman Empire House of Hohenstaufen Frederick I - “Frederick Barbarossa” Roman Law The Third Crusade Saladin “Crusade of Kings” Richard the Lionhearted Phillip II Augustus Frederick Barbarossa Innocent III Most Powerful of the Medieval Popes The Fourth Crusade Sacking of Constantinople
Review The Reconquista - “The Reconquest” Religious Orders The Dominicans - “Preaching Friars” St. Dominic The Franciscans - “Rule of the Little Brothers of Saint Francis” St. Francis of Assisi The “Poor Clares” - Order of Poor Ladies Clare of Assisi Differences with Old Orders Friars rather than Monks Stressed apostolic poverty mendicant orders Friars drew members from small property owners and shopkeeps The Battle of Bouvines Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor & John of England Phillip II of France Consequences for all three powers
Review Phillip II Augustus of France John of England Unification John of England Meeting at Runnymede – 1215 Magna Carta Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Attempts at Unification Italian Invasion Mali Sundiata Kieta Mansa Munsa Wealth Islam The Mongols Temujin Genghis Kahn Conquests Ogedei Vienna Silk Road
Review Division of the Mongol Empire Phillip IV “The Fair” Golden Horde Il-Khans Yuan Dynasty Kublai Khan Marco Polo Invasion of Japan Kamikaze Phillip IV “The Fair” Estates-General Unam Sanctum Assault on the Pope The Avignon Papacy Avignon, France “The Babylonian Captivity” 1309-1376 Edward I “Longshanks” Wales & Scotland William Wallace Parliament – 1295 Treaties of Paris
Review Edward III of England Phillip VI of France Hundred Years War Edwardian War Caroline War Lancastrian War Battles of HYW: Battle of Crecy - 1346 English Longbow Battle of Poitiers - 1356 Ransom French King Battle of Agincourt Henry V Battle of Orléans Joan of Arc Turning Point End of the Hundred Years War – 1453 Legacy - Cannon Parliament Statue of 1341 French National Identity The Black Death Bubonic Plague bacillus Yersinia pestis Origin China Genoese trading Consequences Inflation Higher standard of living Universities
Review Great Schism Calls for Reform Conciliarism Council of Pisa Papal or Western Schism Calls for Reform Lollards - John Wycliffe Hussites - Jan Huss Conciliarism Council of Pisa 1409-1410 Council of Constance 1414-1417 Martin V Jan Huss Ottoman Turks Expansion Tamerlane “Timur the lame” Sultan Mehmed II Fall of Constantinople May 1453
Possible Short ID / Essay Questions Consequences of the Hundred Years War Consequences of the Black Death Five Pillars of Islam Seven Catholic Sacraments Differences between Eastern and Western Church Three Field System Explanation of Feudalism Differences Between Friars Vs. Monks Beliefs of Reformers (John Wycliffe & Jan Huss) Chinese Inventions