Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 1. The act of one organism consuming another organism for food is _______. predation parasitism commensalism mutualism A B C D CDQ 1

from an autotroph to a heterotroph from a heterotroph to an autotroph Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 2. Identify how energy flows through an ecosystem in a typical food chain. from an autotroph to a heterotroph from a heterotroph to an autotroph from a carnivore to an herbivore from an omnivore to an herbivore A B C D CDQ 2

Which are biotic factors in a forest environment? Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 3. Which are biotic factors in a forest environment? plants and microscopic organisms living pH and salt concentration of the soil sunlight, soil type and soil nutrients temperature, air currents and rainfall A B C D FQ 1

Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 4. What is the name for a group of interacting populations that occupy the same area at the same time? ecosystem habitat biological community biotic collection A B C D FQ 2

all of the biotic factors in an ecosystem Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 5. Which defines habitat? all of the biotic factors in an ecosystem an area where an organism lives an area in which various species interact the role or position that an organism has A B C D FQ 3

What type of organism is the foundation of all ecosystems? Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 6. What type of organism is the foundation of all ecosystems? autotroph herbivore heterotroph decomposer A B C D FQ 4

How do detritivores obtain their energy in an ecosystem? Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 7. How do detritivores obtain their energy in an ecosystem? They feed on fragments of dead plants and animals They feed on organisms by releasing digestive enzymes. They get energy from inorganic substances to make food. They use chlorophyll to capture energy from the sun. A B C D FQ 5

Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 8. Which type of organism exists at all trophic levels except the first trophic level? carnivores herbivores autotrophs heterotrophs A B C D FQ 6

What type of organism returns nutrients to an ecosystem? Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 9. What type of organism returns nutrients to an ecosystem? decomposer primary producer secondary producer top level consumer A B C D FQ 7

Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 10. Which biogeochemical cycle involves evaporation, transpiration, precipitation and runoff? carbon cycle nitrogen cycle phosphorus cycle water cycle A B C D FQ 9

combustion of fossil fuels deposition of dead material Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 11. Which process in this cycle converts carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates? photosynthesis respiration combustion of fossil fuels deposition of dead material A B C D FQ 10

What are the two major life processes that involve carbon and oxygen? Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 12. What are the two major life processes that involve carbon and oxygen? coal formation and photosynthesis photosynthesis and respiration fuel combustion and open burning death and decay A B C D FQ 9

Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 13. What is the name of the process in which bacteria and lightning convert nitrogen into compounds that are useful to plants? ammonification denitrification nitrate cycling nitrogen fixation A B C D FQ 9

How does energy first enter a pond ecosystem? Chapter 2 Principles of Ecology 14. How does energy first enter a pond ecosystem? through growth of algae through light from the Sun through decay of dead fish through runoff from fields A B C D FQ 9