101 Africa Continued

Berbers Bantu Pygmies Bushmen 800 BC – AD 200 Nok Nigeria

Trade and Contact Hatshepsut 1470 BC Greeks 1400 BC Solomon 1100 BC Phoenicians 800 BC Romans 500 BC Arab Traders 300 BC

Kush 1500 BC 1000 BC Meroe Mixture of Western,Eastern, and African

Pyramids at Meroe

Stele with Merotic script – 1st c. BC

Musawwarat es-Sufra

Musawwarat es-Sufra

Relief from the Lion Temple at Naga

Naga

King Taharqa 690-664 B.C.

Axum (Ethiopia) 1st to 7th Centuries AD Contact with Egypt- Trade 4th Century AD Ezana of Axum AD 330 -356

Coin of king Ezana r. AD 330-356

Ezana Stone – inscribed in Greek, Sabaen, and Ge’ez

Lalibela- late 12th –early 13th c. rock hewn churches

Sudan Ghana – – gold, slaves, salt; The camel revolution Islamic Arabs Women were respected Arabic – official Language AD 1200

Ancient Mosque in Ghana

Mali Sundiata – c. AD 1230 Women – personal freedom Trading – key to success Mansa Musa and his camels AD 1324

Spanish map showing Musa – AD 1375

Mosque at Djenne - 1906

East Coast – Muslim influence Mombassa Zanzibar Mogadishu Zimbabwe

Bantu AD 1000 Common heritage - kinship ties Women – high status - held positions of power