Civil Engineering and Architecture. The Beginings

History of Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – History of Civil Engineering and Architecture Definitions Civil Engineering An engineer trained in the design and construction of public works, such as bridges, dams, and other large facilities. Architecture Art and science of designing buildings for human habitation. Civil engineering is the oldest branch of engineering. Not only do civil engineers design systems that interact with one another, but they are also concerned with the environment’s well-being. The term “civil” was added to separate these licensed professionals from other engineers who worked on military, electrical, or mechanical projects. Architects are licensed professionals who design commercial and residential structures that are used by humans. In ancient times, architects and builders were one and the same. Engineering was a huge part of the architect’s or builder’s role, especially with large construction projects such as the pyramids, the Parthenon, the Appian Way (an ancient Roman road), bridges, the aqueducts, and the Great Wall of China. Until modern times there was no clear distinction between civil engineering and architecture, and the terms were used interchangeably. However, in the 18th century the term civil engineer began to be used to distinguish from military engineers.

History of Civil Engineering and Architecture Unit 1 – Lesson 1.1 – History of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beginnings Architecture was born when people began to live in constructed dwellings and within communities. Caves were last used as habitats around 8000 BC. Early engineering was centered around food. The development of tools and ways to increase the efficiency of farming and hunting were documented, first in cave paintings and later in Egypt with hieroglyphics.