Chapter Six Civil Rights.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter Six Civil Rights

What are civil rights? Protect certain groups against discrimination Claims are raised when a group is denied access to facilities, opportunities, or services available to other groups Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

The Fourteenth Amendment (1868) Equal Protection Clause: “no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws” Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Brown v. Board of Education Unanimous Supreme Court opinion overturned Plessy Segregation is detrimental; creates sense of inferiority in African American students The Court relied on social science, because the Fourteenth Amendment was not necessarily intended to abolish segregated schools, and the Court sought a unanimous opinion Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Desegregation v. Integration Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg (1971): remedies may include redrawn district lines and court-ordered busing Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

The Campaign for Civil Rights Sit-ins and freedom rides, voter registration efforts Martin Luther King, Jr., Rosa Parks—Montgomery bus boycott Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Congressional Quarterly, Congress and the Nation, vols. 1, 2, 3, 7, 8. Figure 6.2: Growing Support Among Southern Democrats in Congress for Civil Rights Bills Insert figure 6.2 (formerly 19.2 in 9e) Congressional Quarterly, Congress and the Nation, vols. 1, 2, 3, 7, 8. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Gender-Based Discrimination Reasonableness standard versus strict scrutiny Some gender-based differences are allowed by courts Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Abortion Roe v. Wade: struck down a Texas ban on abortion (and all similar state laws) Woman’s freedom to choose is protected by the Fourteenth Amendment Webster (1989): The Court upheld some restrictions on abortions Casey decision (1992) does not overturn Roe but permits more restrictions: 24-hour wait, parental consent, pamphlets about alternatives Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.