BELLWORK: BLOCK 2 How is the prescribed content in this unit divided? Describe the U.S. policies of Cash & Carry and Lend-Lease. How did they help Britain and hurt Germany while maintaining U.S. neutrality? Why was the Grand Alliance formed? What was The Atlantic Charter? (Include decisions reached – page 15-16) Why did Stalin distrust the US/UK in 1942? THINKER: Read “the establishment of the United Nations” on pgs. 23-24 What did the major powers agree on regarding the UN? How was it different than the LofN?
Growth of Tension: Origins of the Cold War 1943-1949
Cash & Carry Policy
Lend-Lease Act How did they help Britain and hurt Germany while maintaining U.S. neutrality?
The Grand Alliance Why was the Grand Alliance formed? After Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, the US and Great Britain send aide beginning of Grand Alliance
Although the US/UK sent aide to the USSR, Stalin still distrusted them…..why?
The Atlantic Charter August 1941: US & UK Promised to: Employ full resources (military & economic) against Axis powers Cooperate with all Allied governments do NOT make separate peace with Axis powers Set up a post-war world where there would be self-government, equal trade, labor/wage standards, safety and a permanent system of general security (UN!)
Why were these points so important to Churchill and Roosevelt?
What did the major powers agree on regarding the UN What did the major powers agree on regarding the UN? How was it different than the LofN?
HOMEWORK: due Friday! Read about the Wartime Conferences: Casablanca Cairo Tehran Moscow Yalta Potsdam Focus your annotations on: Goals of the major powers Reasons for conflict/tension Solutions and decisions reached
BELLWORK: 3/24 Describe the concept of the “Four Policemen.” How did the members of the Grand Alliance view this concept? In your opinion, what was the biggest source of tension between members of the Grand Alliance? THINKER: At each conference, there appeared to be a constant disagreement between pragmatic solutions, the realities of war, and the philosophical visions of the post-war world. What examples from the conferences prove this to be true? How would this impact the Grand Alliance’s ability to compromise?
The Four Policemen
Casablanca Conference, January 1943 FDR and Churchill meet with French generals Henri Giraud and Charles de Gaulle
Cairo Conference, Nov. 22-26, 1943
Tehran Conference: November 1943
Moscow, Oct.1944 : Percentages Agreement
Yalta Conference: February 1945 Declaration of Freedom for Liberated Europe committed the “Big 3” to: Democratic processes in the region Promoting economic recovery Pursuing anti-Nazi policies Helping liberated countries establish provisional governments
How would Germany be ruled?
Changes between Yalta & Potsdam Germany surrendered unconditionally After FDR’s death, Truman comes to power and is tougher on Soviets (lacks foreign policy knowledge) Churchill is replaced with new PM Clement Atlee (focused on domestic issues; loses India) Stalin exploits new leadership USSR (Red Army) occupied all of Eastern Europe “Liberators” makes it harder to eject them US tested first atomic bomb
Potsdam Conference: July 1945 Mainly solidified proposals made at Yalta U.S. was more inclined to accept Soviet control in Europe because they’re needed against Japan!!!
Post-War Conference Discussion Which issues were resolved? Which issues were likely to cause tension in the future?
HOMEWORK: due BLOCK 1 Read 1.3: The emergence of superpower rivalry in Europe, 1945-1949 Pages 30-37! Monday & Wednesday even periods (2, 4, 6) Tuesday & Thursday odd periods (3, 5, 7)