Rest of Southern and Middle Colonies English Settlement Rest of Southern and Middle Colonies

Maryland: Catholic Haven Catholics facing persecution in England Catholic leaders decide to settle an all-Catholic colony 1632: King Charles I grant charter to: Lord Baltimore (a wealthy, Catholic aristocrat) Become proprietary colony Founded by private individuals, power to make and execute laws Officially founded 1634 named after Catholic Queen Mary Many Catholic and Protestants…..many issues Maryland Act of Toleration Religious toleration to ALL Christians EXCEPT: Jews, atheists and others who didn’t believe in the divinity of Jesus Christ…..got death penalty

Carolinas King Charles II was interested in the unsettled lands b/w VA and Spanish Florida Open to all Christians…hoping to bring other from less tolerant colonies Flourished by developing close economic ties with the West Indies Many original Carolina settlers had come from Barbados and brought strict “slave codes” for ruling slaves Rice emerged as the principle crop African slaves were hired to work on rice plantations b/c resistance to malaria and familiar with rice Regions separate when investors sold their land in the north to the crown…thus creating NC and SC

Carolinas Separate….1712 NC SC Ppl strong willed and independent minded Developed strong resistance to authority Lacked good ports and population was sparse Begin to grow tobacco Use pine/pine tar for commercial goods SC Ppl more aristocratic and wealthier Had ports Charles Towne Farmed sugar cane, tobacco, rice and indigo Rely on slave labor…from West Indies

Georgia…1733 Last colony Intended to be a buffer zone b/w British colonies and hostile Spanish settlements in Florida 1720 James Oglethorpe wanted to establish a colony for poor debtors (prisoners) to get a fresh start Was a humanitarian…person interested in improving ppls lives Earned charter in 1732 by King George II…who colony named after Founded Savannah Ga All Christians except Catholics enjoyed religious toleration

Middle Colonies

Pennsylvania Founded by William Penn Settled by Quakers Called “City of Brotherly love” Settled by Quakers Believed in the equality of men and women Non-violent Church beliefs: No hierarchy of church (no priests no bishops no minsters) Simple meetings everyone speaks Germans loved the farmland Amish Huguenots from France

Delaware Royal colony Founded in 1664 Under direct control of the King of England, who would appoint a governor Founded in 1664 Originally colony of Swedes, then by Dutch and later seized by England Given to William Penn so he could have access to the Delaware River

New York Explored by the Dutch in 1609 Allowed all religions and nationalities Originally named New Amsterdam 1674 English will fight for the land with Dutch and finally seize it King James II will rename it New York Royal colony

New Jersey Part of the state was settled by Dutch and Swedish In 1664 the entire area was surrendered to the English, and given its name.