Ecology and Biome Review

Vocabulary

Characteristics that help and organism survive Adaptations

Ecology The study of how organisms interact with eachother and their environment

Organisms that eat both plants and animals Omnivores

A region of the earth that is characterized by the climate and organisms that live there Biome

A relationship in which both organisms benefit from each other Mutualism

A diagram that shows a single pathway of energy flow Food chain

Living factors in an environment Biotic

Most species live in what part (layer) of the tropical rainforest Canopy

Organisms that feed on dead animals Scavengers

Most abundant producer in the ocean Phytoplankton

Organisms that feed only on plants Herbivores

Organisms that are able to breed and produce fertile offspring are called Species

Fungi can live on the forest floor and recycle nutrients back into the soil from dead matter. This role they play in the forest ecosystem is called it’s __________ Niche

What is the source of energy for all the organisms in this Food Web? The Sun

What type of consumer is E? Omnivore

Producer?

What do the arrows represent? Flow of Energy

What type of consumer is D? Carnivore

Name the Biome!

Tropical Rain forest Nutrient poor soil, wet

Taiga Evergreens, Spruce, Pines

What Biome? Savanna

Tundra

Taiga

What Biome? Savanna

Freshwater and salt water ecosystems meet ESTUARY

Tropical Rainforest

What Biome? Savanna

Short legs to stay close to the ground and away protected from arctic winds Tundra

Tundra

Yearly fires from heat storms Grasslands

Cold Desert, permafrost Tundra

Animals of this biome are mostly nocturnal (come out at night) or burrow into the ground to conserve water. Desert

Most Biodiversity Tropical Rain forest

Freshwater meets saltwater Estuary

Wet and dry season Grasslands

Hot day, cold night Desert

Leaves change colors Deciduous Forest

Taiga

Evergreens, Snow, Pine trees Taiga, Coniferous forest

Lichen, moss, snowy owl Tundra

Nutrient-poor soil, wet Tropical Rain forest

Tide schedules fluctuate the salinity in this aquatic biome Estuary

Which biome do the red arrows point to?

Which biome do the red arrows point to? Taiga

Which biome is colored in the green?

Which biome is colored in the green? TUNDRA Which biome is colored in the green?

The arrows point to which biome?

Tropical Rain Forest The arrows point to which biome?

Which Biome?

What Biome? Tundra

TUNDRA Tundra

WHAT BIOME?

SAVANNAH

Temperate Deciduous Forest

What biome would this organisms most likely be found? Tropical Rainforest

What organism does the sloth have a mutualistic relationship with? Algae

A B C or D?

a. Mosquito b. grass carp c. frog d. turtle Name the omnivore a. Mosquito b. grass carp c. frog d. turtle

a. Mosquito b. grass carp c. frog d. turtle Name the omnivore a. Mosquito b. grass carp c. frog d. turtle

23. An energy pyramid containing autotrophs and other organisms from a food chain is represented below. Carnivores would most likely be located in level I, only level I and level II (C) level III, only (D) level II and level III

(C) level III, only

21. Many species of plants interact with harmless underground fungi 21. Many species of plants interact with harmless underground fungi. The fungi enable the plants to absorb certain essential minerals and the plants provide the fungi with carbohydrates and other nutrients. This describes an interaction between a parasite and its host scavenger and a decomposer (C) predator and its prey (D) producer and a consumer

(D) producer and a consumer

The greatest a mount of available energy is found at level The diagram below represents a pyramid of energy that includes both producers and consumers. The greatest a mount of available energy is found at level (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

(A) 1

30. When brown tree snakes were accidentally introduced onto the island of Guam, they had no natural predators . These snakes sought out and ate many of the eggs of insect-eating birds. What probably occurred following the introduction of the brown tree snakes? The bird population increased. (C) The bird population began to seek a new food source. (B) The insect population increased. (D) The insect population began to seek a new food source.

Which of the following statements about savannas is true? a. During the wet season, they receive little rain. b. Their inhabitants include large herbivores. c. They are characterized by steep mountains. d. They are characterized by having 4 seasons. during the year.

a. During the wet season, they receive little rain. b. Their inhabitants include large herbivores. c. They are characterized by steep mountains. d. They are characterized by having 4 seasons. during the year.

Which ocean organism is considered a producer?   a. phytoplankton   b. zooplankton   c. small fish   d. whales  

Which population would directly increase if the population of owls decreased? A. Mice B. Rabbits C. Frogs D. Foxes

Which of the following best describes an energy pyramid? A. Shows how energy is lost as you move up a food chain. B. Shows the effects of losing a top predator in an ecosystem. C. illustrates the many possible interactions among organisms in an ecosystem. D. Shows the importance of decomposers in an ecosystem.

What type of consumer cannot be the primary consumer?

Carnivore

What type of diagram shows how energy is lost as you move up a food chain?

Energy Pyramid

ABCD

____ are the main abiotic factors that determine the type of biome found in a region. Rainfall and temperature Shade and wildlife Temperature and elevation d. Soil color and acidity

____ are the main abiotic factors that determine the type of biome found in a region. Rainfall and temperature Shade and wildlife Temperature and elevation d. Soil color and acidity

The most biologically diverse biome is the swamp. grassland. tundra. tropical rain forest.

The most biologically diverse biome is the swamp. grassland. tundra. tropical rain forest.

Which of the following describes the location of the tundra biome? East coast of the U.S. Just north of the United States North of Canada Central America

Which of the following describes the location of the tundra biome? East coast of the U.S. Just north of the United States North of Canada Central America

Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn. a. coniferous c. deciduous b. permafrost d. abiotic

Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn. a. coniferous c. deciduous b. permafrost d. abiotic

Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in winter by growing spines. staying green year-round. hibernating. losing their leaves.

Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in winter by growing spines. staying green year-round. hibernating. losing their leaves.

____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose their leaves in autumn. Coniferous Deciduous Tropical Abiotic

____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose their leaves in autumn. Coniferous Deciduous Tropical Abiotic

The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually nutrient rich and fertile. swampy and rich nutrient poor. d. has permafrost

The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually nutrient rich and fertile. swampy and rich nutrient poor. d. has permafrost

A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered clumps of trees. a. prairie c. pampas b. savanna d. steppe

A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered clumps of trees. a. prairie c. pampas b. savanna d. steppe

Salt and fresh water mix in a. an estuary. c. a coral reef. b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

Salt and fresh water mix in a. an estuary. c. a coral reef. b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

In temperate deciduous forests, a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to survive the cold winter. b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the forest floor. c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves. d. All of the above

In temperate deciduous forests, a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to survive the cold winter. b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the forest floor. c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves. d. All of the above

Tropical rain forests contain a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy above the forest floor. b. vines that climb tall tree trunks for support. c. many low-growing plants that do not require a lot of light. d. All of the above

Tropical rain forests contain a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy above the forest floor. b. vines that climb tall tree trunks for support. c. many low-growing plants that do not require a lot of light. d. All of the above

Which biome has the highest average yearly rainfall? a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest b. coniferous forest d. grassland

Which biome has the highest average yearly rainfall? a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest b. coniferous forest d. grassland

Tropical Rainforest: Sunlight Desert:: ___?____ Temperature Water Nutrients Heat

Which biome has the lowest average yearly rainfall? a. desert c. Taiga b. savanna d. coniferous forest

Which biome has the lowest average yearly rainfall? a. desert c. Taiga b. savanna d. coniferous forest

Which of the following adaptations would LEAST likely help a plant survive in a hot, dry environment? A) Open their stomata at night. B) Grow long shallow roots. C) Have needles instead of leaves. D) Have thin large leaves on branches.

Fire is most important in maintaining what biome listed below? A Grasslands B Tundra C Deciduous forests D Deserts

Use the brief habitat description below to answer the next question. This habitat has short summers and long winters. The ground is frozen much of the year. Summers are cool and windy. Which adaptation would be the LEAST helpful to organisms living in this habitat? A) Animals migrate to other habitats in the winter. B) Animals will hibernate for most of the winter. C) Plants often grow close to the ground. D) Plants have many long and deep roots.

A farmer decides to place less nitrogen fertilizer on his corn fields A farmer decides to place less nitrogen fertilizer on his corn fields. Which of the following consequences would LEAST likely to happen? A) His corn plants would show decreased growth. B) His nearby pond would show greater algae growth. C) The number of weeds in the fields would decrease. D) There would be a greater need for other essential elements.

A role an organism plays in it’s environment is called a ______

Niche

A group of the same species that occupy an area are called a ______

Population

The study of how organisms interact with one another and their environment is called _____.

Ecology

The area in which an organism lives is called it’s _______.

Habitat

Organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring are called __________.

Species

List three diagrams that show how energy flows throughout an ecosystem

Energy web, Food chain, and an energy pyramid

Which biome includes animals who have adapted to burrowing themselves underground to escape direct sunlight during the day and come out during the cold night to hunt for food?

Desert

What types of abiotic factors can influence water biomes?

Water flow speed, depth, distance from shore, temperature, salinity, etc.

What is the difference between a food web and a chain?

Food webs show many pathways of energy flow and chains show one pathway.

What is an adaptation of animals found in the grassland biome?

-Grazing in herds do decrease the probability of becoming prey -Speed to catch prey or to get away from predators -Camo -Hiding in tall grass -Etc.