Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 1 Lesson 4 Pure Substances and Mixtures 1) I can define mixture, solute, solvent and solution 2) I can classify elements and compounds as two types of pure substances

Solute vs. solvent

Parts of the mixture Solvent : is the substance that dissolves other substances. Ex: water Solute: is the substance to be dissolved Ex: sugar Mixture : water + sugar

What are mixtures A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are combined physically but not chemically. Mixtures are not pure substances and do not have definite properties. Substances within a mixture keep their identities and individual properties. Mixtures can be separated by physical changes, although some mixtures are difficult to separate. Magnets, centrifuges, filters, and other materials can be used to separate mixtures.

A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture. A solution is a homogeneous mixture

What is the type of mixture?

Heterogeneous mixture Suspension Homogeneous mixture Solution

Pure substance A pure substance is a substance with definite physical and chemical properties. Pure substances are made up of just one type of particle. Elements and compounds are pure substances.

What are pure substances? Physical changes such as melting, freezing, cutting, or smashing do not change the identity of pure substances. When a pure substance undergoes a chemical change, it is no longer that same substance.

Basic unit of matter An atom is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element. Substances are classified as elements, compounds, and mixtures

Is water an element, a compound, or a mixture?

3 atoms: Compound 1 oxygen atom ------- one element (oxygen) 2 hydrogen atoms -------- same element (Hydrogen) Compound 1 oxygen atom ------- one element (oxygen)

How can matter be classified? An element is made of only one kind of atom. A compound is made up of different kinds of atoms that are chemically combined. A mixture contains a variety of elements and compounds that are not chemically combined.

Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide Atoms Elements Compound Mixture --------------?------------------

Carbon dioxide Atoms Elements Compound Mixture 1 carbon atom Carbon element (C) Carbon dioxide (CO2) And 2 oxygen atoms Oxygen element (O) Water