The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics William H. Schmidt

Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM): Are world-class Can potentially elevate the academic performance of America’s students Most states have a long way to go: some less Teachers and parents overwhelmingly support them But we must convince students as well

Top-Achieving Countries Composite Mathematics Standards

State Level Agreement Figure 2.2

The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics

Possible Standard Based on Composite Profile of the Top-Achieving Countries

Number of Topics Intended at Each Grade for Various Standards

CCSSM Congruence and NAEP Mathematics Performance States with past mathematics standards that were more similar to the CCSSM had statistically significantly higher NAEP 2009 performance.

How Standards May Affect Student Achievement Classroom Instruction

Standards Relationship to Student Achievement Is Influenced by . . . Instructional support materials produced by state, e.g., teacher guides Professional development for teachers sponsored/authorized by state Assessments and assessment cut- points that support state’s standards

CCSSM Congruence and NAEP Mathematics Performance The change in the R-square between a model including only the congruence measure to one that adjusted the congruence measure for the NAEP cut points yielded a 12% increase.

Factors Affecting CCSSM Implementation State assessment definitions of proficiency Measure of poverty Percent of low-income family students attending public schools

Relating State Standards to NAEP 2009 Scores *p < 0.016 **p < .001

Consistency With the CCSSM Consistency of state standards with the CCSSM range from 66% — 83% The measure of consistency for the A+ standard is about 90%

Consistency With the CCSSM Most Like CCSS Alabama California Florida Georgia Indiana Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Oklahoma Washington Idaho North Dakota Oregon South Dakota Tennessee Utah   Alaska Arkansas Colorado Delaware Hawaii Massachusetts New Mexico New York North Carolina Ohio Pennsylvania South Carolina Texas Vermont West Virginia Connecticut Illinois Maine Maryland Missouri Montana Nebraska New Hampshire Virginia Wyoming Least Like CCSS Arizona Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Nevada New Jersey Rhode Island Wisconsin

Representative Sample of Teachers in Each CCSSM-Adopted State 90% have heard of the CCSSM 70% have read them More than 90% like the idea of Common Standards

Teachers Thoughts about CCSSM After reading sample CCSSM topics for their grade, ~80% say CCSSM is “pretty much the same” as their former standards If CCSSM places a topic they currently teach in a different grade only about ¼ would drop it

Teachers Sense of Preparedness to Teach CCSSM Topics Grades 1-5: About ½ feel well prepared to teach their topics Grades 6-8: Around 60% feel well prepared to teach their topics High School: Around 70% feel well prepared to teach their topics

Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM): Are world-class Can potentially elevate the academic performance of America’s students Most states have a long way to go: some less Teachers and parents overwhelmingly support them But we must convince students as well