Personal Health and Hygiene

What is the main cause of freckles?

Freckles Lentigines Freckles are clusters of concentrated melanin. Ephelides 2 Types Ephelides: lighter brown, genetic trait, fade in winter Lentigines: darker, don’t fade in winter Known as sunburn freckles Causes Genetics Sun Lentigines

Moles Melanocytes (cells in the skin) grow in a cluster with tissue surrounding them.

Skin Cancer Types Basal cell carcinomas Squamous cell carcinomas Malignant melanoma Cancer of the melanocyte cells

What to Look for - Skin Cancer

List 5 ways to protect yourself from the sun.

Protection from Skin Cancer (sunburn, wrinkles)

Do True / False

1. What is the main cause of acne?

Acne Causes? Types Hormones! Blackheads &Whiteheads Androgen Poor diet Heredity Gender Types Blackheads &Whiteheads Pimple/Zits Cysts

Acne Where does it occur? What is it? Face (T-zone) Back Neck Shoulders Upper arms Chest Buttocks Groin What is it? Excess sebum mixing with dead skin & bacteria clogging a pore causing infection.

List 5 things that contribute to acne?

What contributes to Acne? Too much washing or scrubbing Picking or popping Tanning Sweating Touching skin Clothing Cosmetics Hair Environment Medication

What causes warts? Do True / False

Warts A virus!! Causes Types Human Papillomavirus Through a crack in the skin. Types Common Plantar Filiform Flat Genital

How are warts treated? Go away on their own OTC medication Freezing Electrified needle to cut it away Burning with laser or chemicals

List 2 ways you can protect your feet from foot fungus.

Fungal Infections Protection Types Wear flip flops in locker rooms Open toed shoes “dry off” Don’t share shoes Types Ring worm Athletes foot Jock itch

Eye Infections Prevention Pink Eye?? Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes. Transferring germs from fingers to eyes. Pink Eye?? Also known as conjunctivitis Highly contagious Don’t share personal items

Tooth Disease Most common type… cavities Causes Bacteria that dissolves the minerals that protect and make up teeth.

List 2 ways to protect your teeth and gums.

Tooth Disease Prevention Eating fewer sugary foods Cleaning well Genetically prone

Gum Disease Prevention What is it? Eat healthy Brush Floss Describe how should you floss your teeth? What is it? A condition where bacteria that live in plaque infect and destroy the gum and bones that hold the teeth.

Hair and Scalp Problems Lice Insects that live on human hair and feed on the blood from the scalp Don’t share personal items. Dandruff Flakes of dry skin from the scalp. Causes: fungus, stress, hormones, genetics, illness, infrequent shampooing, unsure

Define Calorie

Calorie A unit of heat energy – or – the amount of energy in food. Energy: the ability for the body to function. 3,500 calories = 1 lb. of body weight 1 GRAM = about the weight of a raisin. 1 GRAM of protein or carbs = 4 calories 1 GRAM of fat = 9 calories 1 GRAM of alcohol = 7 calories

Energy Requirements of the Body SIZE - The bigger you are, the more calories are necessary to maintain weight. AGE - The older you are, the less energy you need. ACTIVITY LEVEL - The more active you are, the more energy you need. GENDER - Based on body size, males need more energy.

Energy Requirements of the Body RATE OF GROWTH - How fast you grow indicates how much energy you need to grow. INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES - Basic Metabolism - The rate at which the body uses energy. EFFICIENCY IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT - The colder it is, the more calories you use. *Extreme temperatures PHYSIOLOGICAL - Illness can change calorie use.