What is the problem? Emerging understanding:

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Presentation transcript:

• Regulatory mechanisms and frameworks for emerging pollutants: Priorities and needs Dr Sarah Hendry

What is the problem? Emerging understanding: Combinations at low levels Scale: 100,000’s substances / products registered in EU 300mt synthetics discharged annually; 500t antibiotics in EU agriculture; 400 active pesticides NORMAN list 1036 entries; WHO / UNEP 800 endocrine disruptors; EU Priority Substances controls 45

Multiple typologies…. Chemistry – Synthetics, How to control? Chemistry – Synthetics, In/Organics, heavy metals … Users – households, industry, agriculture… Size – nanoparticles, microbeads… Product types – solvents, pharmaceuticals, insecticides, plastics…

Industry /traffic / solid waste Sources and Pathways WWTP? Large / municipal? Small onsite? Untreated? 90% in developing countries Household chemicals, PPCPs Human wastes Pesticides, pharmaceuticals WWTP? Surface runoff; air pollution Agri / animal wastes Air pollution, solid waste management Diffuse urban pollution Also to aquatic environment… Industry /traffic / solid waste

Multiple control regimes … ??? Waste – solid, hazardous; special regimes; transport; certification… Agriculture; pesticides, nutrients, pharmaceuticals…. Air – industrial emissions; quality standards; specialist regimes… Chemicals – general, specialist; pharmaceutical, PCPs; manufacturers / producers Water – quality standards; emission / technologies; DWQ / human health; aquatic ecosystems; specialist WWT regimes.…

International Frameworks Agenda 21 Johannesburg Declaration Sustainable Development Goals General Policy UNEP Strategic Approach to International Chemical Management WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety Specific Policy / Strategy Chemicals Conventions – Basel, Rotterdam, Stockholm Geneva LRTAP Convention & Protocols ILO –H&S, Industrial accidents UN/ECE – Classification/ Labelling Conventions and Standards

EU frameworks REACH and related chemicals management policy, control REACH and related chemicals management Consumer protection, product standards Agriculture – nitrates, pesticides, pharmaceuticals Industrial air pollution, air quality standards Water – WFD; DWQD and UWWTD; PSD, GWD Solid waste management H&S, workers, accidents Food safety

EU water law – UWWTD and PSD UWWTD – secondary treatment as norm Some countries, larger WWTP have tertiary treatment Revision of PSD – ‘watch list’ Precautionary principle?

Liability? Responsibility… Wicked problem… Polluter pays; user pays; Prescriber pays? Water services providers? Health services? Consumers? Education, awareness… simple messages – just use less? Product control? Manufacturers – evidence base? Multi-pronged approach –need to recognize scale and take precautionary approach

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