TWO SUPERPOWERS VS. DEMOCRACY TOTALITARIAN ___________ Economy Command Economy (Free market) (___________) CAPITALIST/mixed COMMUNIST

What’s a Superpower? Superpower: a word used to describe two __________ that dominate ______ politics. After WWII: the ______ and ______ were superpowers! COUNTRIES WORLD USA USSR

Policy/Program designed to ________ Soviet aggression. How the U.S. Encouraged Countries to Stay/Become Democratic The Truman Doctrine Policy/Program designed to ________ Soviet aggression. Relied on the idea of ___________________: This means you prevent something from______________ to another place. The U.S. tried to stop the spread of _________ to other parts of the world! STOP CONTAINMENT SPREADING COMMUNISM

The Cold War Begins During WWII: U.S. and Soviets fought _________ After WWII: Rivalry ______ between both countries COLD WAR: Describes the ________ between the U.S. and the ________ from 1945-1989. Why was it called a “Cold” war?: The U.S. and Soviets never fought _________. Instead, they fought in different ways! TOGETHER developed situation Soviets DIRECTLY

How did they do it? The Marshall Plan” U.S. offered MASSIVE _____________ aid to countries that agreed to remain/become _____________. U.S. offered this to _________ Europe. Stalin wouldn’t let these countries _________ this $$$$$! FINANCIAL $$$$ DEMOCRATIC EASTERN ACCEPT

How was the Cold War Fought? The Arms Race U.S. A-Bomb: 1945 Soviet’s: _______ For _____ years, used technology to develop deadlier and more powerful weapons to use against each other. ___________ these devices to psych each other out! 1949 40 CREATED

The Space Race 1957: _________: first satellite by the Soviets. 1958: ______ satellite launched 1961: First _____ in space by Soviets 1969: First man on the _______ (U.S.) SPUTNIK U.S. MAN MOON

The Space and Arms Races

Conflicts Around the World Cold War fought in _______________ countries (representative states/SUBSTITUTE) SURROGATE War by proxy/proxy war

East Asia KOREAN _______: After WWII divided into North and South Korea. USSR supported the North. U.S. supported the _______. When the North tried to take over the South, we prevented the _________. WAR SOUTH spread of communism

Korean War

Cold War in Asia ___________ War: 1954- Vietnam gains independence from France. Divided into _______ North and Democratic _______. (Ho Chi Minh) (Ngo Dinh Diem) U.S. unsuccessful! U.S. withdrew in _____ and Vietnam became __________! VIETNAM SOUTH COMMUNIST 1973 COMMUNIST

Vietnam War

Vietnam War Part II

Middle East Arab States and Israel: ___________ accepts money from USSR to build up country (______ high Dam). President GamalAbdel ____________ declared war on Israel (its neighbor). Soviets gave weapons to Egypt. U.S. gave weapons to _____________ EGYPT Aswan Nasser ISRAEL

Africa After independence from _____________ countries, _________ and ________ each have civil wars. U.S. and Soviets fought for influence. U.S. supported anti-communist dictator _____________ Sese Seko. He brutally/corruptly ruled till the 1990s! European CONGO ANGOLA MOBUTU

Latin America CUBA: Soviets supported ___________ Castro. U.S. tried to overthrow the dictator unsuccessfully in the _____ of Pigs incident. The USSR built nuclear bases in ______ and pointed weapons at ______ targets. In 1962, JFK ordered the Soviets to get rid of these weapons and we agreed not to invade Cuba. This was called the __________ Missile Crisis. Cuba remains ____________ even today. FIDEL BAY CUBA U.S. CUBAN COMMUNIST

Cuban Missile Crisis

CENTRAL AMERICA Guatemala ____________- U.S. helped overthrow president ____________. He was supported by the USSR. Nicaragua- 1970s- Sandinista revolutionary group took over. We supported ________ groups to fight against them because they were supported by the USSR! El Salvador- U.S. helped rebels during a bloody civil war until 1991! Arbenz Guerilla rebel

Who Stayed Outta the Cold War? Non-Aligned Countries WHAT???- These were nations that remained ____________ and didn’t want to get involved in the Cold War! INDIA and ________________ They wanted to focus on building their own countries and avoid _______ NEUTRAL YUGOSLAVIA (actually communist, but didn’t get along with USSR) CONFLICTS

What did the UN do during the Cold War? Provided a _____ for the superpowers to talk about their differences Not really ________ during the Cold War Since 1991, it has ___________ its role to include peacekeeping. (Example: War in Bosnia/Somalia etc.) PLACE EFFECTIVE EXPANDED

Genocide During the Cold War: Cambodia During the Vietnam War: U.S. claimed it never had ________ in Cambodia, a country that was undergoing a _______ war. Communists, supported by the ___________, took control in 1975. fought CIVIL CHINESE

Genocide During the Cold War: Cambodia What happened? Communists called the ________________ took over and established a communist state. Their leader, _____________, moved people from the cities to _________ farms. _____ out of ____________ Cambodians died during this time. KHMER ROUGE POL POT Communal/collective 2 mill. * 8.5 mill. * Source: http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.CHAP4.HTM, R.J. Rummel