Circulatory System

HEART

Heart Facts Your heart is located in the middle of your chest, between your lungs. You feel it on the left side because the bottom of the heart is situated there. It beats around 100,000 times a day. When you’re a child your heart’s size is the same as a fist. When you are an adult it is about 2 fists. A women’s heart weights about 8 ounces, a man’s 10 ounces.

Heart Chambers The heart is divided into two halves: Upper two chambers: Atriums They receive blood that is returning from the body. Lower two chambers: Ventricles They pump blood form the heart to the body.

Functions of the Atrium-Ventricles Right Atrium Receives blood that returns to the heart from the superior and inferior vena cava. Left Atrium Receives blood that returns to the heart from the pulmonary veins. Right Ventricle Receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the main pulmonary artery. Left Ventricle Receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the aorta. Atrium Ventricles

Blood Flow Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mH0QTW zU-xI

Diseases Heart Attack A heart attack occurs when blood flow to a section of heart muscle, becomes blocked. If the flow of blood isn’t restored quickly, the section of heart muscle becomes damaged from lack of oxygen and begins to die.

Diseases Heart Failure Disorder caused when the heart is so weak that it is incapable of pumping blood, causing that tissues would not receive an adequate amount of blood flow.

Blood

Function The function of blood in our body is to carry Oxygen and nutrients around all the body. The blood is composed by: Blood Plasma (55%) Red Blood Cells (45%): -White Blood Cells -Red Blood Cells -Platelets

Blood Plasma Function: The function of the blood plasma is to carry the blood cells around the body. Composition: -Water (90%) -Dissolved substances (10%)

Red Blood Cell This kind of cells are made up in the bone narrow. In the circulatory system this cells carry oxygen to every place in the body. The red blood cells are red at cause of the haemoglobin that is in their cytoplasm.

White Blood Cells This cells have to defend the body from any foreign material, bacteria, virus, etc. That could damage the body.

White blood cell chases a bateria http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUh SQ

Platelet The platelet is used when the body starts to lose blood. The platelet immediately goes to the wound where the blood is going out and it attempt the blood go out of the body.

Blood Vessels

Kinds of blood vessels There are 3 kinds of blood vessels -Arteries -Veins -Capillaries

Arteries The function of the arteries is to transport oxygenated blood through all the body. Some of the most important arteries are: -Common carotid artery -Femoral artery -Brachial artery -Aorta

Veins The veins transport the deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart. Some of the most important Veins are: -Jugular vein -Venae cavae -Femoral vein

Capillaries This blood vessels are the smallest, the capillaries are so small that the red blood cells have to pass through this blood vessel in one row. The capillaries are used to transport oxygen to each cell in the body.

Respiratory System

The main function of the lungs is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream. When you breath, air passes through your mouth or nose goes through the windpipe called Trachea, which divides into two tubes, one goes to each lung. The Lungs

The Lungs Tiny little bloodstreams surround each alveoli. Here is where oxygen is picked up by the blood and carried to the rest of the body. The alveoli are the primary gas exchange Units of the lungs.

http://www. britannica http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/ 499530/human-respiration/66154/Gas- exchange-in-the-lung

Gas Exchange This happens in the alveoli The oxygen goes in the lungs and touches the capillaries Then the oxygen swaps with the carbon dioxide and the oxygen is carried to the rest of the body.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vu_ONM3 Bj9A&feature=related

Diseases Some of the diseases caused in the lungs are: Emphysema: Enlargement of the air spaces in the lungs. Pulmonary Embolism: When a blood clot obstructs an artery leading to the lung. Tuberculosis: Bacterial infection of the lung, very common today.

Diseases Bronchitis: is an inflammation of the Bronchi's. Pneumonia: Is an infection caused by fungi or viruses. Pneumoconiosis: This disease is caused by the inhalation of dust or such.

Asthma Is a disease in which narrows and inflames the airways. It causes shortness of breath and coughing and also chest tightness

Asthma What happens is that people with asthma have inflamed airways. This means that it is harder for them to breath. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten, this causes the airways to narrow and less oxygen goes to your lungs

Lung Cancer Is the uncontrolled cell growth in the tissue of the lungs. The symptoms of this disease is shortness of breath, weigh loss and coughing. The most common cause of lung cancer is long-term exposure to tobacco smoke. Lung cancer can be seen by a biopsy or computed tomography.

Here we can see an x-ray of lungs with cancer Here we can see an x-ray of lungs with cancer. We can clearly see the difference between these lungs and what normal healthy lungs would look like. Lung Cancer

Crosswords Circulatory System Crossword http://www.vtaide.com/png/blood- puzzle.html Heart Crossword http://www.paulinemolloy.co.uk/heart1.html Respiratory System Crossword http://www.vtaide.com/png/respire- puzzle1.html