ONE HEALTH STUDENTS CLUB CONFERENCE Venue: College of Health and Medical Science DATE: 27th February 2015 BY Mr. Mapendo MINDJE University of Rwanda-Nyagatare Campus Resources: WS-21 Aquatic Plant Management www.agcom.purdue.edu/AgCom/Pubs/WS/WS-1.html Category 5 Aquatic Pest Control, order from MDC IN DNR Fish Pond Management www.ai.org/dnr/fishwild/fsmgt/fishmgt.pdf Gives good examples of calculating pond area and conversion factors. To select more identification images you can use http://plants.usda.gov/gallery.html Be sure to read the directions on how to credit the images. Dr. Carole Lembi’s presentation “Why Aquatic Herbicides Aquatic Plants and Not You” could be used in conjunction with this presentation. It is narrated but the sound can be turned off allowing you to give the presentation. There is a link to the script for the presentation to read or print out. Find it at www.btny.purdue.edu/aquatic/

Contents What is One Health? Future Benefits of the One Health Students Club

Definition of Keys concepts Health: the level of functional efficiency of a living organism. Animal/Human Health The WHO defined health in its broader sense in its 1948 constitution as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Environmental Health: is the branch of public health that is concerned with all aspects of the natural and built environment that may affect human health.

One Health Background Many emerging health issues are linked to increasing contact between humans and animals, intensification and integration of food production, and the expansion of international travel. As the number of new infectious diseases emerged in the 20th century, scientists began to recognize the challenges societies face regarding these threats that largely come from animals. Of the 1,415 microbes that are known to infect humans, 61 percent come from animals.

Examples… For example, rodents transmit plague and typhus to humans Domestic livestock are the original source of crowd diseases such as measles, mumps, and pertussis. Genetic evidence suggests that Mycobacteria tuberculosis originated in human populations and spread to animals. Chimpanzees were a reservoir host for the human immunodeficiency virus. Global trade of wildlife exacerbates the problem of disease emergence.

One Health… There is a recognition that environmental factors can impact both human and Animal health Water, Air and Soil Pollution Also, Human activities can also impacts the environmental Health Desertification Industrialization Fire making War, etc…

One Health Umbrella

Before the OH Concept it’s been seen that…. Factor (Cause) Change (Effect) Human populations are growing and expanding into new geographic areas. As a result, more people live in close contact with wild and domestic animals. Close contact provides more opportunities for diseases to pass between animals and people. The earth has experienced changes in climate and land use, such as deforestation and intensive farming practices. Disruptions in environmental conditions and habitats provide new opportunities for diseases to pass to animals. International travel and trade have increased. As a result, diseases can spread quickly across the globe.

What is One Health? One Health has been defined as "the collaborative effort of multiple disciplines working locally, nationally, and globally to attain optimal health for people, animals and the environment

Epidemiological Triad One Health Function Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi, Parasites.. Change in the number and Virulence Agent Disease outbreak Host Environment Physical, Biological and Mechanical carrier of Agents Factors: Climate Change: Temperature, Humidity,…. Animal & Human… Change in Host Immune system Factors: Food safety and security

Health Cycle Animal Health Environmental Health Human Health ZOONOSIS One Health is the perfect unifying concept to bring together human health care practitioners, veterinarians, and public and environmental health professionals, by strengthening epidemiologic and laboratory investigations that assess the role of environmental influences. Animal Health ZOONOSIS Environmental Health Human Health

One health concept One Health is not a new concept, but it has become more important in recent years because many factors have changed the interactions among humans, animals, and the environment. These changes have caused the emergence and reemergence of many diseases.

Multi-sectoral Collaboration One Health will EXIST depending on how the Triad is managed: Human, Animal And Environment

One Health students Club benefits to its members Opportunity for networking (international OH clubs, conferences, workshops, trainings) Opportunities for Research Funding Opportunities for Further education (MSc, Short courses,..) Forming Health leaders to drive the movement of the OH approach Capacity building about Prevention of zoonotic diseases

Build strong proffessionals to help detect zoonotic diseases to help limit the impact of these diseases on individuals and their community. Create lasting relationships between youth (OHSC members), their families, and public health agencies. Gaining experience in extension services While educating people about ways to prevent promote health share our new knowledge about zoonotic diseases with their communities.

Conclusion One Health recognizes that the health of humans, animals and ecosystems are interconnected. It involves applying a coordinated, collaborative, multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral approach to address potential or existing risks that originate at the animal-human-ecosystems interface.

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