Do Now: Make a list of all the Diseases that you can think of.

Non-Infectious Diseases AKA NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Non-Infectious Disease Not caused by pathogens Cannot be transmitted to other people Risk factors: Genetics Life-style Environmental factors

https://youtu.be/q0scBynXQL8?list=PLwwX2cKHwnKwg7niXGSQgJSwiJIjPMGue

Genetic Risk Factors Determined by genes Congenital disease is present at birth Others don’t show up until later in life Familial Disease Tendency Disease runs in family

Genetic Risk Factors Recessive gene disorders Down syndrome Need recessive gene from both parents Can be a carrier Cystic fibrosis & sickle cell anemia Down syndrome Born with extra chromosome Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common, fatal genetic disease in the United States. About 30,000 people in the United States have the disease. CF causes the body to produce thick, sticky mucus that clogs the lungs, leads to infection, and blocks the pancreas, which stops digestive enzymes from reaching the intestine where they are required in order to digest food. Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a fatal genetic disorder, most commonly occurring in children, that results in progressive destruction of the nervous system.  Sickle cell disease is a hereditary disease seen most often among people of African ancestry. Caused by mutations in one of the genes that encode the hemoglobin protein, the disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The mutation causes the red blood cells to take on an unusual sickle shape. Individuals affected by sickle cell disease are chronically anemic and experience significant damage to their heart, lungs, and kidneys. People who have Down syndrome have learning difficulties, a characteristic facial appearance, and poor muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy.  

Genetic Risk Factors Sex-linked disorders Linked to x chromosome (female) Can be recessive in females Color blindness, hemophilia, & muscular dystrophy Muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass. In muscular dystrophy, abnormal genes (mutations) interfere with the production of proteins needed to form healthy muscle. Hemophilia is a rare disorder in which your blood doesn't clot normally because it lacks sufficient blood-clotting proteins (clotting factors) A sex chromosome is a type of chromosome that participates in sex determination. Humans and most other mammals have two sex chromosomes, the X and the Y. Females have two X chromosomes in their cells, while males have both X and a Y chromosomes in their cells. Egg cells all contain an X chromosome, while sperm cells contain an X or Y chromosome. This arrangement means that it is the male that determines the sex of the offspring when fertilization occurs.

Environmental Risk Factors Pollution Smoke Sunlight Radiation Altitude Water Current event-Michigan Flint's drinking water became contaminated with lead in 2014 after switching its supply source from Lake Huron to the more polluted and corrosive Flint River. The move — a cost-cutting measure while the city was under the control of a state-appointed emergency manager —  resulted in a spike in lead levels in children, which causes permanent brain damage.  Radiation can cause cancer. Large doses death  

Lifestyle Risk Factors Diet Obesity Exercise Alcohol Tobacco Stress Sleep

Leading Cause of Death in US Heart disease: 631,636 Cancer: 559,888 Stroke : 137,119 (CDC, 2006)

What do you think the Leading Causes of death were in 1900? https://youtu.be/e_mLBl0hCJ8 Turn Volume down ad! Ask what students think are the leading cause of death in the US. In 1900, the top 3 causes of death were infectious diseases—pneumonia and flu, tuberculosis, and gastrointestinal infections (a fourth infectious disease, diphtheria, was the 10th leading cause of death).Improvements in sanitation, public health (vaccination development and delivery), and medical treatments, such as antibiotics, led to dramatic declines in deaths from infectious diseases during the 20th century.   

Create a true or false 4 question quiz on the information that was presented today.

The Heart of the Matter https://youtu.be/_eVG45_iF9U

Cardiovascular Disease Disease of Cardiovascular system CV system is… Heart Blood Vessels Arteries Vein Capillaries Blood

Types of CV Disease Hypertension Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis Heart Attack Stroke Arrhythmias Heart Valve Disorder Varicose Veins

Hypertension High Blood Pressure Normal=120/80 Over 120/80= At risk Thickening of blood vessel walls Narrows passageways for blood https://youtu.be/-di2R51QcqE

Arteriosclerosis Hardening of the arteries Narrows blood vessels & blocks blood flow Atherosclerosis Fat deposits in blood vessels

Heart Attack Caused by lack of oxygen delivery to cells Coronary heart disease Blockage of coronary arteries Caused by fat deposits and/or blood clots Causes heart attack Cardiac Arrest Entire heart stops https://youtu.be/HuOzyncO62k

Stroke Disrupts blood flow to brain No oxygen to brain Brain cells die Caused by fatty deposits, blood clots, or burst arteries Aneurysm Weak spot in blood vessel that can burst

Stroke Effects Speech Senses Movement Memory Behavior Depending on side of the brain https://youtu.be/K6GHZtcMSyw

Heart Valve Disease 4 valves in heart 2 between atria & ventricle 2 between heart & arteries Bypass Surgery

Arrhythmias & Varicose Veins Abnormal heart beat Pacemaker Defibrillator Varicose Veins Large blue veins One-way valves don’t work

Testing & Diagnosis Electrocardiogram (ECG/ EKG) Stress Test Graphs electrical impulses and heart beats Stress Test ECG during exercise Chest X-Ray Picture of heart

Prevention Don’t smoke Exercise regularly Manage stress Manage diet Avoid saturated fat & cholesterol Replace red meat with chicken and fish Eat more fruits & veggies Avoid sweets, oils, & fats https://youtu.be/cyWhBob0q0I?list=PLwwX2cKHwnKwg7niXGSQgJSwiJIjPMGue

Videos https://youtu.be/le7IupNVPqs https://youtu.be/BLw62AhW_Kc https://youtu.be/W3lsC5zfEkk

Discussion Describe the symptoms of heart disease What are some things you can do to keep your heart healthy? Name 5 foods that can help prevent heart disease. .

What is Cancer? Define the 5 different types of cancer? What is the difference between benign & malignant tumors? What is metastasis? How does it occur? What causes cancer? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_wRpa2b5XI

Cancer Types Skin Lung Mouth Throat Leukemia Breast Colon Cervix Prostate Testicular

Cancer Types Risk Factors Skin L, E, G Lung L, E, Mouth L, E Throat L, E Leukemia L, E, G Breast L, E, G Colon E, G Cervix L Prostate L, G Testicular L, G

Signs & Symptoms Unexplained weight loss Fever Fatigue Pain Skin changes Thickening/ lumps Unusual bowel movements Unusual bleeding

Diagnosis Early detection!!!!!!!! Screening Self-test Pap-test Cervical examination Colonoscopy Looks inside colon Biopsy Removal of cell/ tissue for examination

Treatment Chemotherapy Radiation Therapy Surgery Drugs that kill cancer cell Often taken in combination Pill or injection form https://youtu.be/vKIRWY-LMYc Radiation Therapy Radiation can stop growth/ division of cancer cells Surgery Removal of tumor or cancer cells

Prevention https://youtu.be/39MkqZAxsx4 Avoid tobacco. Avoid alcohol. Protect against the sun. Avoid chemicals/ carcinogens. Increase fiber intake. Reduce fat intake. Eat balanced diet. Self-test. Get regular physical activity. Surgery https://youtu.be/Ql14I5W4xOs

Please complete your 10 point quiz on noncommunicable diseases now