Lab2: Smith Chart And Matching Day 1 Lab2: Smith Chart And Matching

Theme Day 1- Background Preparation Maxwell Equations-Physical Interpretation & Application Interconnects- Design, Mismatch, & Insertion Losses GaAs Process- Pseudomorphic HEMTs, Inductors & MIM Capacitors Process Introduction Day 2- Power Amplifier, MMIC Design Example DC Characterization- Biasing Decoupling, Biasing Techniques, Thermal Stability Small Signal Characterization- Matching & Stability Large Signal Characterization- Single Tone Analysis, Matching across Power Load Pull Day 3- Design Refining, Layout & Design Post Processing Modulated Signal- QAM16 Input, Ptolemy & Circuit Co-simulations Linearity- Two Tone Analysis, IP3, ACPR, & EVM On-chip Power Combiners & Dividers Layout & Tiling

Transmission Line Theory Passive Structures used for transmission of Microwave Signals in Microwave Circuits are called Transmission Lines. Various Forms of Transmission Lines are Microstrip, Strip & Slot Lines, Coplanar Waveguides, Twisted Pair Wire and Coaxial Lines. Equations governing Voltage and Current Relationship at any point on Transmission Line are called Telegraph Equation. R Series Resistance of both the conductors per unit length (/m) L Series Inductance of both the conductors per unit length (H/m) G Shunt Conductance between two conductors per unit length (S/m) C Shunt Capacitance between two conductors per unit length (C/m) z Small section of transmission line (m) Writing Kirchhoff's Voltage and Current Equations for the L-Section

Electrical Parameters of Transmission Line Kirchhoff's Voltage and Current Equations for the L-Section gets modified for sinusoid nature of voltage and current. Voltage and Current Equations in differential form can be expressed as- where is Propagation Constant Characteristic Impedance Phase Constant Attenuation Constant Phase Velocity Wavelength

Characteristic Impedance of a Line What is Characteristic Impedance of a Line? Characteristic Impedance of Line is the load impedance that results in same impedance looking into the line at source as the load. Characteristic Impedance Transmission Line In case of Termination of Line into non-characteristic impedance load, Power gets partially reflected and transmitted at the interface. If then Transmission Line1 Transmission Line2 Z=0

Incident, Reflected and Transmitted Waveforms Transmission Line1 Transmission Line2 Z=0 Ratio of Reflected Voltage to Incident Voltage is Reflection Coefficient Ratio of Transmitted Voltage to Incident Voltage is Transmission Coefficient Z=0 Z Voltage Waveform Current Waveform Reflected Waveform Incident Waveform Transmitted Waveform

Incident Reflected and Transmitted Power Z=0 Return Loss Insertion Loss

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio Z=0 Voltage & Current Standing Waves Constant VSWR Circle

Smith Chart Impedance Smith Chart Admittance Smith Chart

Matching using Lumped Components

Modeling using Network Parameters S- Parameters Y- Parameters Z- Parameters ABCD- Parameters Port1 Port2 Port1 Port2 T- Network π- Network

Lab2: Smith Chart And Matching Start Lab Exercise!