Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition * Computers Are Your Future Twelfth Edition 07/16/96 Chapter 2: Input and Output Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input and Output * 07/16/96 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Objectives 07/16/96 Explain the various types of keyboards and the purpose of the special keys on the keyboard, identify the commonly used pointing devices, and list alternative input devices. List the types of monitors and the characteristics that determine a monitor’s quality. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Objectives 07/16/96 Identify the two major types of printers and indicate the advantages and disadvantages of each. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Input Data or instructions entered into a computer Input device Hardware that gives users the ability to enter data and instructions into the computer’s random access memory (RAM) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Input device (con’t.) Keyboard Most common input device—enables data and instruction entry through the use of a variety of keys Enhanced keyboards—additional keys, such as media control buttons to adjust speaker volume, or Internet control buttons that open e-mail, a browser, or a search window with a single keystroke Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * 07/16/96 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Key matrix Grid of circuits located under the keys Character map Chart that tells the processor what key has been pressed Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Insertion point Blinking vertical line, underscore, or highlighted box Wireless keyboards Connect to the computer through infrared (IR), radio frequency (RF), or Bluetooth connections Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Keyboards Connect with: Universal Serial Bus (USB) connector PS/2 cable Infrared Radio frequency Bluetooth Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Special keyboard keys include: Cursor movement keys (arrow keys)—set of four keys that move the cursor up, down, right, or left Toggle keys—either on or off Function keys—perform specific actions depending on the program Modifier keys—used for shortcuts Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Alternate keyboards Virtual (soft keyboard or on-screen keyboard)—a touch-sensitive screen; accepts input with a stylus or finger Smartphone Mini-keyboard—keys for each letter of the alphabet; option on many smartphones Keypad—smaller, more compact, has keys that represent multiple letters Virtual laser—used with devices as smartphones, an alternate way to do e-mail, word processing, spreadsheets Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Alternate keyboards (con’t.) Flexible keyboards—full-sized, lightweight portable devices Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Pointing device Controls an on-screen pointer’s movements Pointer On-screen symbol that signifies the command, input, or possible response Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Mouse Types Optical—most popular pointing device Travel—all the capabilities of a normal mouse, half the size Wheel—has a wheel for easy vertical scrolling Wireless—connects through an infrared or radio signal (RF). Battery operated Air—does not need to work on a surface, works as it moves through the air Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Mouse alternatives Trackball Pointing stick Touchpad (also called a trackpad) Click wheel Gaming Controllers Stylus Touch screen Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Trackball Is a pointing device that contains a movable ball held in a cradle. The user rolls the ball to move a pointer From one to three keys can be located in various positions to perform equivalent mouse actions like a click Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Pointing Stick A pointing device that looks like a pencil eraser between the G,H and B keys Pressure sensitive and is pressed and moved in various directions with the forefinger Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Touch pads (trackpads) A small, pressure sensitive, flat surface located on the notebook Controls pointer by moving and tapping your fingers on the surface of the pad Mouse (key term) controls a mouse pointer (key term) that appears in the shape of an arrow Some mice have a wheel button (key term) for scrolling. The Optical Mouse (key term) is the most widely used Mouse types Optical mouse (Key Term) – has no moving parts Emits and senses light to detect mouse movement Can be used on any surface Cordless mouse (Key Term) or wireless mouse (Key Term) – battery powered Uses radio waves or infrared light waves Touch pads (key term) –controls the pointer by moving and tapping your fingers on the surface of a pad

Click Wheel A pad that looks like a circle that is used to move through song lists, movie lists or photos Method of navigation on the iPod Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Gaming Controllers Provide input to computer games Joysticks use pressure and direction of the stick Gaming mice are similar to a mouse but high precision (sensitivity) Game pads use both hands Motion sensing device control games by user movement Joystick (key term)– control game actions by varying pressure, speed and direction Gaming Mouse – similar to traditional mice with higher precision, faster responsiveness, programmable buttons, and better ergonomics Game pads (key term) – held by two hands Motion sensing device (key term) – control games by user movement

Touch Screen A display screen that is sensitive to the touch of a finger or stylus Stylus is a pen-like device Used on tablets Uses handwriting recognition software Common on mobile devices Smart Mobiles ATM machines Airport kiosks Desktop monitors Multitouch screen (key term) – can be touched with more than one finger, which allows for interactions such as rotating graphical objects on the screen with your hand or zooming in and out by pinching and stretching your fingers. These screens are common on mobile devices such as the Apple iPhone, and some notebook computers and desktop monitors. Stylus works using handwriting recognition software. It is a pen-like device.

Input Devices: Giving Commands * Input Devices: Giving Commands 07/16/96 Alternative input devices include: Scanners Magnetic stripe card reader Bar code reader Optical mark reader (OMR) Digital cameras and digital video cameras Webcams Microphones for speech or voice recognition Radio frequency identification (RFID reader) Magnetic-ink character recognition (MICR reader) Biometric input device Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Scanning Devices: convert scanned data into a form the system unit can process Magnetic Stripe Card Reader: reads information stored on magnetic strips that are usually located on the back of credit cards or gift cards Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Barcode Reader: used to read an item’s universal product code Barcode Reader: used to read an item’s universal product code. For example, Fedex uses a barcode system to identify and track packages Optical mark reader (OMR): : special scanning device which scans your grid-like Scantron test form and senses the magnetized marks from your pencil. Used to check optic sheets   Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Webcam: camera attached to the computer, can be used to hold live chat Digital Camera: Capture images digitally and store in memory.can also input images into your system directly   Webcam: camera attached to the computer, can be used to hold live chat sessions and make video phone calls Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Biometric Input Device: uses physical or chemical features of an individual’s body to provide a unique method of identification. Example: retina scanner, fingerprint reader, facial scanner Radio Frequency Identification Reader: used for the purposes of automatically identifying and tracking tags (chips) attached to objects. Tags contain electronically stored information. To read passports, tracking pets   Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Output devices Enable users to see, hear, or feel the end result of processing operations The two most popular output devices Monitors (also called displays) Printers Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Monitors Known as screens or display screens and present visual images of text and graphic Display a temporary copy (soft copy) of processed data Types of monitors include: Cathode-ray tube (CRT, legacy technology), Liquid crystal display (LCD, older monitors), Light Emitting Diode (LED, more advanced backlighting) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Monitors (con’t.) LCD (flat-panel) displays: Have a thin profile Are used with newer desktops and notebooks Have largely replaced CRT monitors May accommodate high-definition video Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Monitors (con’t.) Size is diagonal measurement Size is straightforward for LCDs but more complex for CRTs. Quoted size—the size of the screen Viewable area—the area unobstructed by the housing Both must be disclosed by the manufacturer. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Resolution Refers to the sharpness of an image Number of pixels (picture elements) controls the resolution Video Graphics Array (VGA)—lowest resolution standard (640 × 480) Extended Graphics Array (XGA)—most used by computers today (1024 × 768) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Printers Supply a hard copy of output displayed on a computer’s monitor Types include: Inkjet Laser Dot-matrix Thermal-transfer (sometimes called dye sublimation printers) Photo Plotters 3D Printers Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Printers (con’t.) Inkjet —popular with home users Provide excellent images—made up of small dots Advantages: Inexpensive Generate professional color output Disadvantages: Relatively slow Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Printers (con’t.) Laser Use electrostatic reproductive technology to produce high-quality output Advantages: High-resolution Print faster than inkjet printers Black-and-white printing costs less per page than inkjet printing Disadvantages Color laser printers more expensive Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Printers (con’t.) Dot-matrix (impact) Older, less popular Used mostly for printing multipart forms and backup copies Advantages Able to print 3,000 lines per minute Disadvantages Poor print quality Noisy Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Printers (con’t.) Thermal-transfer printers Use a heat process to transfer an impression onto paper Useful for issuing tickets or receipts Advantages High-quality images Popular for mobile printing Disadvantages High-quality thermal printers are expensive Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Printers (con’t.) Photo Uses special ink and paper Often are inkjet printers Prints directly from a digital camera or memory card Plotters Produce images through moving ink pens Used for making oversized prints (i.e., maps, charts, blueprints) Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Used to make three dimensional solid objects from a digital file 3D Printers Used to make three dimensional solid objects from a digital file You can create virtual design of the object in 3D modeling programs Create 3-D shapes adds a thin layer of material repeatedly until the item is created Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses * Output Devices: Engaging Our Senses 07/16/96 Other output devices include: Speakers Headphones LCD projectors DLP (digital light-processing) projectors Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Combination Input and Output Devices Headsets Combine a microphone and headphones Multifunctional devices (MFD) Also called all-in-one printers Cost efficient but lower quality Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

* Summary 07/16/96 Explain the various types of keyboards and the purpose of the special keys on the keyboard, identify the commonly used pointing devices, and list alternative input devices. List the types of monitors and the characteristics that determine a monitor’s quality. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

* Summary 07/16/96 Identify the two major types of printers and indicate the advantages and disadvantages of each. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall *

Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.   Publishing as Prentice Hall Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall