Fishers’ Training Material Technology Used in Vessels – 1 Fishers’ Training Material Technology Used in Vessels – 1. Fishing Boats and Equipment Activity Code: O4-A2 Developed by Ege University

1 SeaofSkills Course Training material Fishers’ Training Material SeaofSkills Course Training material Technology Used in Small-Scale Fishing Vessels 1 Fishing boats and equipment Training material

Thematic training sections This unit is divided in to 4 sections introduction fishing boats fishing equipment, technological developments. Training material

Training provider: Sea of Skills Project This unit aims to provide the learner with general knowledge on the types and characteristics of fishing boats and equipment. Training material

Having an general knowledge about equipment and classification. Training Objectives After completion of the training session trainees are expected to be able to: Having an general knowledge about equipment and classification. Discuss and analysis the characteristics of the fishing boats and equipment Training material

1. INTRODUCTION The technology of fishing involves any act of catching aquatic animals by means of any fishing method usually controlled from a fishing vessel. The use of these fishing methods varies according to the type of fishery and has a range varying from simple fish hooks to advanced midwater trawls operated by large boats or seiners.   Training material

1. INTRODUCTION   The wide variety of target species for catching and their wide distribution requires a wide variety of fishing gears and methods for an effective catch. These technologies have developed under various disciplines in line with local traditions and various advanced technologies. In recent years, major improvements in fisheries have mainly been possible through developments in fiber technology and the introduction of other modern materials.   Training material

2. EQUIPMENT USED IN FISHERIES Equipment used in fisheries varies to different extents, according to the size of the boat and the technology used. Generally, on-deck equipment can be classified under three categories: wheel house equipment auxiliary equipment handling equipment. Training material

2. EQUIPMENT USED IN FISHERIES Wheel house equipment: This includes navigation, electronic devices and communication equipment. These are mostly assembled around the control console located at the center (in larger boats close to the captain’s seat). There is also an additional seat here for the captain’s assistant. Main indicators are received through the monitors in the control panel; the less frequently used monitors and devices are mounted above Training material

2. EQUIPMENT USED IN FISHERIES Wheel houses in larger boats Training material

2. EQUIPMENT USED IN FISHERIES Auxiliary Equipment: This includes devices such as medina panels and fish eyes that are used throughout fishing operations. This equipment can be attached to the catch vehicles such as TED (Turtle Excluder Devices) and discard reducers, which aim to minimize the adverse effects on the eco-system Training material

2. EQUIPMENT USED IN FISHERIES Handling Equipment: This includes equipment used for the handling and processing of fish on deck, such as big transfer spoonets and fish pumps. Other tools to assist in net collecting instruments such as net drums and net collectors can also be cited in this category Training material

3. FISHING VESSELS A fishing vessel differs from these in that it sails under changing weather conditions, by loading (sometimes unloading), conserving and processing the catch at sea. In fact, the vessel is a work area and fishing vessels are able to execute all these well-defined tasks. Size deck plan transport capacity Location Machinery equipment of a fishing vessel function specifically to run the planned operation Training material

The type, location, intensity and distribution of fish sources, 3. FISHING VESSELS The factors that affect the design of a fishing vessel can be grouped under the following items: The type, location, intensity and distribution of fish sources, Catching gears and method, Geographical and climate properties of the fishing area, Seaworthiness of the vessel and security of the team, Handling, processing and storing the catch, Financial availability, Shipbuilding and fishing skills, Legal regulations on the design and building of fishing vessels and equipment thereof, Availability of the preferred building material, Economic longevity. Training material

3.1. TechnologIcal Developments The size and properties of a fishing vessel in general are a function of its capability to handle, process, and store fish in good condition. Other technological developments – particularly, hydraulic rolling machines, electronic fish-finders and synthetic lines - play an essential role in the efficiency and profitability of the fishing vessel. Training material

3.1. TechnologIcal Developments In developing countries, fishing operations are managed by widely used outboard motors. All these technological developments have not only widely affected the design of fishing vessels, but also led to increases in the catch size, profitability, and level of competition, especially between 1950 and 1980, facilitating a complete or extreme exploitation of many fish stocks. This situation subsequently brought about controls on fishing efforts and, at times, administrative measures restricting the size of fishing vessels. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels Fishing vessels are ships used for catching, producing, protecting, processing and transporting marine species at sea, or in a lake or river. In small-sized vessels, fishing gear is released into and withdrawn from the sea manually. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels Mid and large-sized catching vessels are equipped with booms, cranes, net and longline haulers, power blocks, fish-finder devices and other special equipment, in addition to engines. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels A catching vessel is the most prominent and biggest component of fishing gears. The capacity of the catching vessel depends on the kind of catching method and amount of the catch. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels The amount of the catch is limited to the capacity of the vessel. A fisherman considering to get a vessel built should equip the vessel with technical tools and devices in order to yield the best economic results to the extent of his own financial potential and the legal regulations. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels The vessel should also be appropriate for mounting any future- and potentially more advanced tools and devices. The catching vessel chosen should meet the requirements of the catching method and capacity. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels Unnecessary luxury equipment and useless devices should be avoided. At present, catching vessels modernized by technical developments have not improved only in terms of hull and machines. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels These vessels have also showed improvement in terms of transport and control, aiding equipment in fishing operations, conservation of catch and communication opportunities; fishing vessels should be durable against rough weather conditions, should have high balancing abilities, high navigation ability and maneouver capacity and the opportunities for the best storage of catch. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels Speed and maneuvering capabilities: The vessels should be capableof reaching high speed in order for it to search for and outmanoeuvre the catch, and to transfer it immediately to the nearest harbour without losing freshness. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels The speed of the vessel depends on: height Length Depth Displacement body shape below the draft line trim, Power type of the engine. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels During the operation of certain catch methods, a very low speed (dead speed) can be required. Again, depending on the catch method, certain catching vessels can be required to have high manoeuverability. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels During the operation, the helm should work effectively, turning a ship with long round should be narrow, and the control of the engine should be simple, fast and safe for start-up, stop, forward and reverse moves. The engine should have the proper revolutions for medium high or low speeds. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels In addition: The vessel should be durable against strong wind and waves. The balance and buoyance of the boat should be very well; stop, tail and wave oscillations should be low. It should be able to sail long distances and in open seas. Training material

3.2. Equipment of fishing vessels In addition: It should have the facilities to preserve the catch fresh and in ice and should have cold, frozen preservation possibilities. It should be able to transport the catch to the selling harbour. The catching vessel should have complete equipment and devices for fishing in order to obtain effective and economic results. These include fishhook machines, log machines, cranes and rollers hauling fiber and steel lines, net hauling machines, special cranes, powerblocks, etc. Training material

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