The Way to Rainy Mountain

The Way to Rainy Mountain  N. Scott Momaday born on February 27, 1934, in Lawton, Oklahoma Ethnicity: Native American(Indian origin) House Made of Dawn (黎明之屋) -----Pulitzer Prize in 1969 He spent his childhood in several Indian reservations and developed intense interest and passion in the Indian culture and tradition.

“The Indian world is full of aesthetic values, art “The Indian world is full of aesthetic values, art. My father was an artist, a painter, and he taught painting to the children at Jemez Pueblo  (赫梅斯普韦布洛). They exhibited all over the world. They became famous for their art. He once said to me, ”You know, Scott, I have never known an Indian child who couldn’t draw.“I believe that. I haven’t either. That seems intrinsic somehow. That’s a real part of the Indian world, this love of symmetry.(对称) and composition. It’s a great thing. That has been important to me as well. Indian people have a strong sense of humor. It’s not easily understood by other people, but it’s there and I love that. That’s been a part of my life too.” ------Momaday N. Scott

The Way to Rainy Mountain a unique blend of history, folklore, and poetic memoir 1969 the Kiowa’s origin, beliefs, traditions, morals, and conflicts

Kiowa nomadic people from the Great Plains west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains  Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming…… survived on buffalo meat and gathered vegetables, living in teepees(tent), and depended on their horses for hunting and military uses.

CONTENTS Appalachian Range R ocky Mountains ADD YOUR TITLE The Indians of the Great Plains inhabited two major sub-regions.

migrating from western Montana in the 1700s, moved southeast of the Yellowstone River. northwestern Wyoming; Montana; Idaho

allied with the Crow tribe, from whom they acquired the horse and the Sun Dance.  rights lost to the United States government In 1837, they were forced to sign a treaty with the government that allowed Americans to travel through Kiowa and Co’manche lands in 1867, the Kiowa were forced onto a reservation as a result of the Medicine Lodge Treaty. (Oklahoma ) In 1901 Kiowa land in Oklahoma was opened for white settlement In 1968 Kiowa Tribal Council(部落理事会) is formed Now, 12,000 Kiowa still lived in the United States.

Sun dance young men, or "warriors," piercing themselves with hooks attached by ropes to a large tree or pole. The dancers circle the pole, staring into the sun, until the hooks break through their flesh. Dances and songs were passed down through many generations, the use of a traditional drum, a sacred fire, praying with a pipe, fasting, and in some cases the ceremonial piercing of skin. the aim is to offer personal sacrifice as a prayer for the benefit of one’s family and community.  wood, food, and medicines are gathered, the site is set up, offerings made, elders consulted, and feast food prepared. harmonious continuance of the natural world,

His book--The way to the Rainy Mountain The Setting Out, which consists of early Kiowa legends and anthropological studies on the Kiowa people. The Going On, the second part, continues with the theme of Kiowa mythology, and discusses the origins of Tai-me and the Sun Dance Ritual. The Closing In, the last section, describes the end of the Kiowa golden age and has a lot to do with the death of the Kiowa culture.

Para.1 What can you get from para.1? Location Weather plants and animals characteristic

Location: knoll: Small round hill It? Landmark serving to identify a particular locality ?

Weather: Winter brings blizzards Hot tornadic winds arise in the spring The prairie is an anvil’s edge. blizzards--a snowstorm with very strong winds anvil--an iron block(hot and hard) Grass Brittle(easily broken) and brown cracks beneath your feet.

Plants and animals: green belts? linear groves(small group of trees) of ? Hickory and pecan, willow and witch hazel 山核桃树、柳树和金缕梅

the steaming foliage seems almost to writhe in fire Leaves Steaming? Writhe to twist because in great pain

green-and-yellow grasshoppers tortoises crawl about, going nowhere in the plenty of time aimless

Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think, is where Creation was begun ?

Assignment Para.2--7