Titration calculations

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Question 1: 20cm 3 of hydrochloric acid with concentration 0.5 mol/dm 3 is needed to neutralise 25 cm 3 of sodium hydroxide. What is the concentration.

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Titration calculations Learning Objective: Understand how to calculate concentration from reacting volumes Learning Outcome: Use balanced symbol equations to calculate the concentration of an unknown reactant (A/A*)

Last lesson….. HCl Concentration ? Volume = your average titre NaOH Concentration = 0.1 mol dm-3 Volume = 25 cm3

Concentration = no. of moles volume Learn this formula triangle! n c v number of moles concentration (in mol dm-3) volume (in dm3)

Concentration Concentration is a measure of how crowded things are. 1 litre = 1000 cm3 = 1 dm3 Concentration Concentration is a measure of how crowded things are. The concentration can be measured in moles per dm3 (ie. moles per litre). So 1 mole of ‘stuff’ in 1dm3 of solution has a concentration of 1 mole per dm3 (1mol/dm3). The more solute you dissolve in a given volume, the more crowded the solute molecules are and the more concentrated the solution.

using the triangle v 0.5 Example 1: What is the concentration of a solution with 2 moles of salt in 500cm3? The question already tells us the number of moles and the volume, so use the formula: c = n = 2 = 4 mol/dm3 v 0.5 convert the volume to dm3 first by dividing by 1000.

Example 2: How many moles of sodium chloride are in 250cm3 of a 3 mol dm-3 solution of sodium chloride? The question tells us the volume and concentration, so use the formula: n = c x v = 3 x 0.25 = 0.75 moles convert the volume to dm3 first by dividing by 1000.

What happens next? “In a titration, 20 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl, reacted with 25 cm3 of sodium hydroxide, NaOH. What was the concentration of the sodium hydroxide?” You will need to write a balanced symbol equation. Use the crib sheets available (2 options)

Common formula Hydrochloric acid = HCl Nitric acid = HNO3 Sulphuric acid = H2SO4 Sodium hydroxide – NaOH Sodium sulphate = Na2SO4 Sodium nitrate = NaNO3 Phosphoric acid = H3PO4 Sodium phosphate = Na3PO4 Potassium sulphate = K2SO4

answers Section A 1.6 mol dm-3 0.08 mol dm-3 0.12 mol dm-3 Section B 1.6 mol dm-3 0.8 mol dm-3 2.4 mol dm-3 1.0 mol dm-3

Using your average titre Using your average titre from the previous lesson and calculate the concentration of HCl which was used to neutralise 25cm3 of 0.1mol dm-3 NaOH. Compare your result to the actual value. Comment on the accuracy of your result.

Titration calculations Learning Objective: Understand how to calculate concentration from reacting volumes Learning Outcome: Use balanced symbol equations to calculate the concentration of an unknown reactant (A/A*)