FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS KARTHICK .B

Stainless Steel Stainless steel also known as Corrosion Resistance or Chromium Bearing steel. 12% Cr which forms Chromium oxide protective layer  barrier to rust and corrosion. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Types of Stainless Steel Austenitic Ferritic Martensitic FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Austenitic SS It has austenitic Microstructure retained at room temperature. When Ni is present, the tendency of Ni to lower the critical temperature and override the effect of Cr. Thus it becomes completely Austentitic. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

0.15% C is only allowed to avoid formation of Carbides. If they are slowly cooled (or) if they are heated at a range of 500 – 700 deg C, Carbide forms and this types of Corrosion is called Weld Decay. To prevent it we use stabilizers like Nb or Ti. High strength, hardness, wear and corrosion resistance can be achieved by dispersion of fine TiC etc. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Composition C – 0.03 to 0.15% Si – 1 to 2% Ni – 3.5 to 22% Mn – 2 to 10% Cr – 16 to 26% P and S – 0.002% Ferrous – remaining. Mo and Ti is added at some cases. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Applications Air craft industry Chemical Processing House hold things Diary Industry Transportation FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Ferritic SS Ferritic Microstructure al through Cr – 12 to 25% and <0.1% C. It is strengthened only by Work Hardening. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Composition C – 0.08 to 0.1% Mn – 1 to 1.5% Si – 1% Cr – 12 to 25% FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Properties Magnetic Good Ductility Great Strength, Toughness, Corossion Resistance FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Application Lining for Petroleum Industry Heating Elements of Furnace, oil burner parts etc. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Martenistic SS Cr – 12 to 25% C - 0.1 to 1.5% The Presence of carbon restores the alpha to austenite Transformation. The Composition can be heated to the austenitic range of temp and will transform to martensite on cooling FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Composition C – 0.1 to 1.5% Mn – 1% Si – 1% Cr – 12 to 25% FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Properties Good Thermal conductivity Good Ductility and Hardness Great Toughness, Corrosion Resistance FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Application Pumps, Valve parts, rules and tapes Surgical Instruments. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Tool steel Designated based on Quenching, Primary Applications and Special Characteristics. It is designed by AISI SAE. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Types Cold Work Shock Resisting W (Water Hardening)  W1,W2,W5 O (Oil Hardening)  O1,O2,O6,O7. A (Air Hardening)  A2, A4,A6,A7 etc. D (High C, High Cr)  D2,D3,D4,etc. Shock Resisting S  S1,S2,S4,S5,S6,S7. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Hot Work - H High Speed H10 – H19 : Cr based H20 – H39 : W based H40 – H59 : Mo based . High Speed Mo Base : M1, M2 etc. T Base : T1, T4,T5, T6 etc. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Special Purpose  L – Low alloy. Plastic Mold  P – P6, P20, P21. Special Purpose  L – Low alloy. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

HSLA Steel Known as High Strength Low Alloy steel or Micro alloyed steel. Main role is Weight reduction through Increased Strength. Mainly used in Structural Applications. 0.20% OF Cu is added to improve Corrosion resistance. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Properties High Yield Strength Good Weldability (Welded without becoming brittle) Corrosion resistance No Hardenability Limited Ductility Easily Formable Very Light Weighted. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Applications Bridges Towers High Rise Building Pressure Vessels Automobiles Trains. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Maraging Steel High alloyed and low carbon steels. High Strength material with strength up to 1900Mpa. These Steel forms Martensite upon cooling (air quenched) from austenizing temperature. Martensite formed are Tough and Ductile due to low carbon content. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Composition 18 % Ni 12.5% Co 0.05% of C 5% of Mo FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Properties Ultra high strength Excellent fracture toughness Good machinability Good forming characteristics High yield strength to tensile strength ratio Good Weldability Good dimensional stability FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS

Applications PRODUCTION : Tooling Pinion & drive shafts of helicopter FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS Applications PRODUCTION : Tooling Pinion & drive shafts of helicopter Carbide die holders Gears, tools, pistons, springs in mechanical tools AEROSPACE: Large rocket motor cases Loading gears & cells Jet engine shafts Ring rolling components MILITARY & NUCLEAR APPLICATIONS: Rocket motor cases Rapid firing guns

Maraging Heat resisting Steels: Hadfield Manganese Steels: FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS Maraging Heat resisting Steels: 0.4% C, 10% Cr, 0.2% Si, 1.4% Mo, 36%Ni Creep and Oxidation Resistance Used in Furnace, Exhaust Valves, Rotor of steam Engine. Hadfield Manganese Steels: 12-14% Mn, 1% C If any attempt to deform it gets harden. Used in Bucket teeth, Crushers, etc.

Free Machining Steels Magnet Steels Free Cutting Steels Reduce rubbing against cutting tools and associate wear and friction. Magnet Steels Temporary magnets with silicon bearing steels and very low carbon. FERROUS AND NON FERROUS ALLOYS