Statistics In Research

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Presentation transcript:

Statistics In Research Introducing Critical Issues in Statistics

Scientific Process Theory Draw Conclusions Hypothesis Apply Method Analyze the data Apply Method

Illusionary Correlation A belief that two things systematically co-occur when they, in fact, do not

Data Reduction/Summary Descriptive Statistics Calculations that summarize and simplify the data Central Tendency Variability

Central Tendency A single score that defines the center of the scores Mean (M) Median Mode

Measures of Dispersion/Variability Range Largest Number – Smallest Number Standard Deviation (SD) Average deviation from the mean Mean Scores 4 1 6 5

Confirm What Data Reveals Inferential Statistics Mathematical techniques used to compute the probability of finding these results by chance (based on a ratio)

Inferential Statistics B Test Statistic = DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GROUPS DIFFERENCE WITHIN GROUPS

The Significance of Being Statistically Significant Statistical Significance vs. Practical Significance

There was a statistically significant difference in happiness between participants who listened to happy music (M = 3.62, SD = 0.47) and participants who listened to sad music (M = 3.09, SD = 0.32), t(28) = 5.13, p < .001.