Hazard Communication General

Benefits of understanding chemical hazards Prevent injuries, deaths from: Violent chemical reactions, fires, explosions Burns, irritation, trouble breathing, nausea, diseases Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Benefits of understanding chemical hazards Manufacturers, importers: Classify chemical hazards Provide labels, safety data sheets (SDSs) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Detecting hazardous chemicals Air monitoring equipment Appearance, odor Physical, chemical characteristics Unknown chemicals to be considered hazardous Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Physical and health hazards Chemical manufacturers or importers must classify chemicals according to the physical and health hazards A chemical can have both physical and health hazards Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Physical and health hazards Hazard classifications have sub-categories Warning statements, phrases, other label elements are specified after classification Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association Physical hazards: Explosives Flammable gases Flammable aerosols Flammable liquids Flammable solids Oxidizing liquids Oxidizing solids Oxidizing gases Self-Reactive substances Pyrophoric liquids Pyrophoric solids Self-heating substances Organic peroxides Corrosive to metals Gases under pressure Substances which, in contact with water emit flammable gases Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association Physical hazards Pyrophoric gas - spontaneously ignites at 130°F or below Combustible dust - build-up can ignite if suspended in air in confined area Grains, sugar Charcoal, soot Chemicals (sulfur) Metals (magnesium, aluminum) Plastics, resins Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association Health hazards Target organ systemic toxin Single exposure Repeated exposure Aspiration hazard Acutely toxicity Skin corrosion or irritation Serious eye damage or irritation Respiratory or skin sensitization Germ cell mutagen Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxin Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association Health hazards Simple asphyxiant - displaces oxygen in the air to create an oxygen-deficient atmosphere that can lead to unconsciousness, death Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association Health hazards Health effects: Can occur rapidly after brief exposure (acute) Long-term effects after prolonged, repeated exposure (chronic) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC) An adverse physical or health effect that does not meet the specified hazard classes Belongs to a category that OSHA did not adopt from the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) An effect that falls below the cut-off value for a hazard class Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Protective control measures Engineering controls Administrative, work practice controls Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Protective control measures Enclosing operations Ventilation equipment Substituting less hazardous chemicals Safer chemical handling procedures Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Personal protective equipment (PPE) Used when hazards are not completely controlled or eliminated by other control measures PPE selection based on hazard assessment and effectiveness of PPE Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Personal protective equipment (PPE) Chemical-resistant: Goggles Face shields Gloves Boots Coveralls Aprons Respirators Do not use damaged, malfunctioning PPE Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association Emergency procedures Chemical emergencies can involve fires, explosions, burns, asphyxiations Unknown chemicals are considered to be hazardous Emergency responders manage: Releases of unknown chemicals Any potentially dangerous release Others go to safe area, report emergency Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association First aid First aid information is on the SDS Report overexposures to any chemical Get prompt first aid, medical attention Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association First aid Contact with corrosive, irritating chemicals: Use emergency eyewash, showers Flush eyes/skin with water Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association First aid Overexposure from breathing vapors, gases, aerosols, fumes, dust: Move victim to safe area with fresh air Get emergency medical assistance Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association First aid Ingesting chemicals: Call poison control center, emergency medical responders Have information from SDS available Only induce vomiting or give water if advised by a medical provider Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Written HazCom program OSHA’s HazCom standard includes requirements for: Chemical classification Safety data sheets (SDSs) Labeling Written HazCom program Employee information, training Provisions for trade secrets Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Written HazCom program Written HazCom program is not required if only handling unopened containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Written HazCom program Labels, warnings Safety data sheets (SDSs) Employee information, training List of hazardous chemicals How employees learn hazards of non-routine tasks Hazards of chemicals in unlabeled pipes Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association Labeling overview Labels warn of potential dangers Labels are not intended to be the sole source of information Labels serve as an immediate warning Containers need labels Pipes, fuel tanks, engines are not containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association Labeling overview While HazCom 2012 is phased in, you will still see labels meeting previous rule: Identity of hazardous chemical Appropriate hazard warnings Name and address of manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - shipped containers Product identifier (matches SDS and list) Signal word (Danger = severe hazard; Warning = less severe) Hazard statement (based on hazard class and category) Pictogram (symbol to show hazard class) Precautionary statement (safe use, storage) Name, address, phone number of manufacturer, importer, or responsible party to contact for emergency information Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - shipped containers Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - shipped containers Flame Over Circle Flame Exploding Bomb Oxidizers Flammables Self-reactives Pyrophorics Self-heating Emits flammable gas Organic peroxides Explosives Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - shipped containers Skull and Crossbones Corrosion Gas Cylinder Acute toxicity (severe) Skin corrosion; burns Eye damage Corrosive to metals Gases under pressure Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - shipped containers Health Hazard Exclamation Mark Environmental Carcinogen Respiratory Sensitizer Reproductive Toxicity Target organ toxicity Mutagenicity Aspiration toxicity Irritant Dermal sensitizer Acute toxicity (harmful) Narcotic effects Respiratory tract irritation Environmental toxicity Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - shipped containers OSHA-defined hazards - Simple asphyxiant: No pictogram Signal word = “WARNING” Hazard statement = “May displace oxygen and cause rapid suffocation” Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - shipped containers OSHA-defined hazards - Combustible dust: No pictogram Signal word = “WARNING” Hazard statement = “May form combustible dust concentrations in air” Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - shipped containers OSHA-defined hazards - Pyrophoric gas: Flame pictogram Signal word = “DANGER” Hazard statement = “Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air” Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - in-house containers Rely on labels on shipped containers Re-label if label falls off Re-label if label cannot be read Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - in-house containers Transferring hazardous chemicals to another container: Must label container if another person will use it Must label container if it is available during another shift Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - in-house containers Individual stationary containers (i.e., tanks) may use: Signs Placards Batch tickets Operating procedures These alternatives must provide the same information as would a label Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - in-house containers Different system for in-house labels: Product identifier Words, pictures, symbols, or a combination of these, that provide at least general information on the hazards of the chemicals Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - in-house containers NFPA system identifies: Health hazards - Blue Flammability hazards - Red Reactivity hazards - Yellow Special hazards - White Hazard severity (0 to 4): 0 = none 4 = severe Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Labeling - in-house containers HMIS system identifies: Health hazards - Blue Flammability hazards - Red Physical hazards - Orange Personal protection - White Hazard severity (0 to 4): 0 = minimal 1 = slight 2 = moderate 3 = serious 4 = severe Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Chemical fact sheets Provided by chemical suppliers Employer keeps them up to date Must be in English Immediately available Report missing SDSs Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Use: Verify label information PPE recommendations Symptoms, health effects First aid Emergency procedures Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) SDSs contain all Sections in order Section 1 - Identification: Product ID Manufacturer name, address, phone number Emergency phone Recommended use Restrictions on use Section 2 - Hazard identification: All hazards Required label elements Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 3 - Composition: Chemical name, synonyms CAS number Percentage of ingredients Trade secret claims Section 4 - First aid: Required treatment for each route of exposure Acute (immediate) symptoms, effects Immediate, special treatments Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 5 - Fire fighting: Extinguishing techniques Extinguishing equipment Hazardous combustion products Equipment, precautions for firefighters Section 6 - Accidental release: Personal precautions Protective equipment Emergency procedures Containment and cleanup methods Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 7 - Handling, storage: Safe handling Safe storage Incompatible materials Section 8 - Exposure control, Personal protection: Permissible exposure limits (PELs) Threshold limit values (TLVs), other exposure limits Engineering controls Personal protective equipment (PPE) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 9 - Physical, chemical properties: Chemical appearance Odor, odor threshold Physical properties (pH, flash point, flammability limits, vapor pressure and density, auto-ignition temp., decomposition temp., viscosity, etc.) Section 10 - Stability, reactivity Conditions to avoid Incompatible materials Hazardous decomposition products Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 11 - Toxicological information: Routes of exposure Immediate, chronic effects Toxicity data Carcinogenicity Section 12 - Ecological information (non-mandatory): Ecotoxicity Biodegradability Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 13 - Disposal considerations (non-mandatory): Waste description Waste handling, disposal Section 14 - Transport information (non-mandatory) DOT shipping name, hazard class, packing group UN number Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Safety data sheet (SDS) Section 15 - Regulatory information (non-mandatory): Product-specific safety, health, environmental regulations Section 16 - Other information: Date of SDS’s preparation or last revision SDS indicates if no relevant information is available within a Section Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Being replaced with SDSs MSDSs have no standardized format, but must include certain information Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Chemical identity Physical and chemical characteristics Physical and health hazards Primary routes of entry Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) PEL, TLV, other exposure limits Whether it is a carcinogen Precautions for safe handling, use Control measures (Engineering, administrative, work practice controls) Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Emergency first aid procedures Date of preparation Name, address, phone number of manufacturer, importer, responsible party Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) MSDSs may also provide information regarding: Signs, symptoms of exposure Personal protective equipment Spill and leak clean-up Labeling information Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association HazCom Summary Methods, observations to detect chemicals Information on physical, health, simple asphyxiation, combustible dust, pyrophoric gas, and other hazards not otherwise classified Safe work practices, emergency procedures, and PPE use Timber Products Manufacturers Association

Timber Products Manufacturers Association HazCom Summary Details of HazCom program: Labels on shipped containers Labeling used on in-house containers Safety Data Sheets and the order of information Always ask for HazCom help if you have any questions Timber Products Manufacturers Association