Network fundamentals Unit 10 5 days including projects, review, and test.

Objectives Define communication networks and identify the differences between public and private networks Describe common hardware and software components in a computer network Identify network types Identify the benefits of a network Evaluate the risks of network computing Identify and resolve common networking connection problems

Network 2 or more connected devices Can transfer data

Public vs. Private Networks PSTN- Public Switched Telephone Network Voice-based telephone network Established one to one connection (circuit-switched) Includes mobile & landline today Aka POTS (Plain Old Telephone Network) VPN- Virtual Private Network Remote user uses public network (Internet) to access a private network (home office or work) All data is encrypted Work at home, travelling employee, remote offices use this

Network Types- LAN Local Area Network WLAN In a small area Office, school, house WLAN Wireless Need Wi-Fi card

Network Types- WAN Wide Area Network Large geographic area Two or more LANs connected by routers Big businesses with office around country or world Internet is biggest WAN Connected by fiber, satellites, telephone

Network Types- Client-Server Server manages & provides a service to client Network OS on server Maintain all clients centrally Username & password Describe client-server with web page request example. Servers have network OS. Router or Hub Services include: mail server, database server, web server, etc.

Network Types- Peer to Peer No server All PCs equal Each PC maintained on its own Small office or house Easy to set up Each PC determines what it shares with others & maintains its own security, updates, maintenance, etc.

Network Types- Internet Global network of connected, smaller networks You connect to it through an ISP World Wide Web & email are most popular uses

Network Types- Intranet Web based for internal company use Handbooks, manuals, employment forms, work news, etc Only can access from within that company Through web browser

Network Types- Extranet Similar to Intranet Outside users with user name & password can have access to internal info

Project Identify the type of network handout Teknimedia: C1.1-5

Identifying network components Hardware & Software Components

Modem Modulate-Demodulate Digital to analog/analog to digital Allows data to be transmitted over a line and changed from one signal to another Dial-up, DSL, Cable Modems

Dial-up Modem Dial-Up Modem Internal or External Data over phone lines Dialed into a phone number SLOWWWWW Old- 300 bits per second (bps) or baud rate Now- 56k or kilobits per second

Broadband Cable Modem Data over Coaxial (Coax) cable High speed, always on Broadband 20Mbps (Megabits per second) & up FiOS also connects via coaxial cable.

Cable Modem Hookup

DSL Modem Digital Subscriber Line High speed, always on Broadband Through phone lines 1.5-3Mbps Can use phone & Internet at same time Filters on phones

DSL Modem Hookup

Other Communication Devices Media Coaxial cable, twisted-pair (Ethernet), fiber optic, wireless Connects to NIC T-1 Line Dedicated fiber line to your business Voice & data 1.5Mbps is all for you! Hub (OLD) Connects PCs together Dumb device

Switch, Router, Multipurpose Device Better & faster than a hub Built into back of these routers Router/Multipurpose Device Connects computers Shares one Internet connection May allows wireless access Firewall Wireless Adapters or NIC Mention Switch on back. Also show/talk about hub.

How They Connect

Addressing Network devices need an IP Address & MAC Address to communicate (TCP/IP) IP: 192.168.1.120 (assigned logically) MAC: 0A-B5-74-C3-1E-FF (physically on NIC) DNS Translates names to IP addresses Go into cmd prompt: ipconfig & ping www.cisco.com for DNS example

Communicating Protocols Packet Switching Set of rules for communication TCP/IP Packet Switching Data is split into smaller segments/packets in NIC Reassembled by destination NIC

Review- 4Q Which Internet connection sends high speed broadband over analog phone lines? DSL If a coax cable connects to your modem, which Internet service do you have? Cable modem or FiOS Every computer needs an ___ & ____ to communicate on a network. IP address & MAC address The 4 LAN ports on the back of a home router is really what device? Switch

Networks Benefits vs. Risks Benefits: Share information, collaborate, share hardware, share software, communication (email, text, social media, etc.), search/research, e-commerce, telecommuting, entertainment Risks: privacy (vulnerable to hackers), malfunctions & failures (we depend on it), malicious code (viruses, worms, Trojans, etc.), loss of autonomy (you can be tracked, email at work is not private), setup & management costs higher

Network Benefits Enhanced Communication Share information Collaborate Email, text, social media, etc. Share information Chat rooms, blogs, IM, webcasts, etc. Collaborate Work together on projects Share Hardware One printer for all to share on network Share Software Software installed on a server Licenses for users to access from server E-Commerce Telecommute Entertainment

Network Risks Privacy Equipment failure Hackers Loss of Autonomy Vulnerable to unauth. Access, hackers Equipment failure Bad equipment or loss of power May not be able to access server, printer, etc. Hackers People who break into systems Steal info or delete data Make viruses Loss of Autonomy What you do can be tracked & watched Vulnerable to Malicious Code Easy to pass viruses, works, etc. Setup costs & maintenance of network Email is not private Plus junk email is annoying

Why Hack? Theft of services Theft of Information Hatred & vengeance For the thrill of it Finds a way to get into password protected system to avoid paying for a service. Steal credit card info, national security data Some people hate companies or groups, so they try and destroy files or steal info to sell to opposing groups The thrill is seeing if they can break into it

Review- 5Q T or F. Hackers invade other people’s computers only for fun. T or F. Software sharing is one of the benefits of networking. When you are on a network, you should assume that your email is not _____________? Private T or F. It is easier for a virus to spread on a network.

Review- 4Q How is the network at school different than your home one? How is it the same? Which type of network has an OS & requires a username/password for access? Client-server What are two popular Internet features? Email & Web At Starbucks, you can access the Internet with your laptop & no wires. What type of network is this? WLAN

Review- 5Q T or F. A modem converts analog to digital signals. True T or F. Hackers invade other people’s computers only for fun. False A _______ is confined to a limited geographical area. LAN A _______ is made up of several local area networks. WAN A _______ is a simple device that connects multiple computers together. Hub

Network fundamentals Unit 10 5 days including projects, review, and test.