SCAFFOLDING SAFETY 29 CFR 1910.28 29 CFR 1926.452 14/3/2018

14/3/2018

Topics to be discussed…. Scaffold Design Requirements Scaffold Erection Requirements Scaffold Alteration Requirements Scaffold Dismantling Requirements Safe Usage of Scaffolding Tagging System Scaffolding Inspection Checklist Scaffolding Permit 14/3/2018

What is Scaffolding? Scaffold is an elevated temporary work platform used for supporting workers (or) materials (or) both. 14/3/2018

Parts of Scaffolding Standard Ledger Transom Cross Bracing Top Rail Mid Rail Toe Board Brick Guard Base Plate & Sole Plate 14/3/2018

Basic Parts of Scaffolding 14/3/2018

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Top Rail, Mid Rail & Toe Board 14/3/2018

Brick Guard 14/3/2018

Cross Bracing 14/3/2018

Base Plate 14/3/2018

Types of Scaffolding There are three basic types of scaffolds: Supported scaffolds, which consist of one or more platforms supported by rigid, load- bearing members, such as poles, legs, frames, outriggers, etc. Suspended scaffolds, which are one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non-rigid, overhead support. Other scaffolds, principally man lifts, personnel hoists, etc., which are sometimes thought of as vehicles or machinery, but can be regarded as another type of supported scaffold. 14/3/2018

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Supported Scaffolds 14/3/2018 Supported scaffolds consist of one or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, posts, frames, or similar rigid support. Frame (or) Fabricated Scaffold Mobile Scaffold Ladder Jack Scaffold Pump Jack Scaffold Tube & Coupler Scaffold Pole Scaffold 14/3/2018

Frame (or) Fabricated Mobile 14/3/2018

Mobile Scaffold Braced to prevent collapse. Casters and wheels locked to prevent movement while in a stationary position. Platforms must not extend beyond the base supports of the scaffold, unless stability is ensured. Not allowed to ride on scaffolds unless the surface on which scaffold is being moved is free of pits, holes and obstructions. 14/3/2018

Suspended Scaffolds Single Point Two Point Multi Point Catenary Interior Hung Needle Beam Multi Level Float 14/3/2018

Single Point Two point 14/3/2018

Multi Point Catenary 14/3/2018

Suspended Scaffold Safety Counterweights secured, and not removed until scaffold disassembled Tiebacks secured to sound anchorage on the building or structure 14/3/2018

Other Scaffolds – Aerial Lift 14/3/2018

Aerial Lift Ensure proper fall protection prior to using Includes use of guardrails Never exceed load capacity Do not move lift truck with workers in basket unless adequately designed (upper controls – personnel carriers) Brakes set for outrigger use (wheels chocked) 14/3/2018

Scaffold Competent Person Inspect scaffolding and components prior to each work shift Determine possibility of providing fall protection and access Evaluate connections to support load Determine structural soundness Train erectors and dismantlers to recognize work hazards 14/3/2018

Scaffold Tagging System 14/3/2018

Red Tag…. Indicates the scaffold has not been inspected or is not safe for use “DO NOT USE SCAFFOLD” message must be visible 14/3/2018

Green Tag…. 2/28/02 2/14/02 A. SULAIMAN 673-2400 K. SALEH Khaled Saleh 673-2308 431056 3/14/02 3/28/02 6 TANK 105 a 233100 Ahmed Sulaiman 2 Indicates scaffold is complete, has been inspected, and is safe for use at the time of inspection GREEN scaffold tag valid for a maximum of two weeks Insert fits into holder 14/3/2018

Yellow Tag…. Indicates scaffold has been inspected and may be used only by workers wearing a properly anchored personal fall arrest system, including a full body harness and lanyard YELLOW scaffold tag valid for two weeks maximum 2 4/10/02 A. SULAIMAN K. SALEH Khaled Saleh 673-2308 431056 6 TANK 105 a 233100 Ahmed Sulaiman 673-2400 Insert fits into holder 14/3/2018

Displaying of Tag…. RED scaffold tag (holder) to be built into scaffold, near each point of access, by scaffold craftsmen Only qualified scaffold craftsmen are allowed on a scaffold with a RED scaffold tag 14/3/2018

If Scaffold EQUAL TO or LESS THAN 6 meters (20 feet) high: Scaffold Supervisor signs GREEN or YELLOW scaffold tag(s) and prints date when next inspection is due “Date of next inspection” must not be more than 2 weeks ahead Supervisor inserts the signed GREEN or YELLOW tag(s) into the RED holder(s) 14/3/2018

If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters (20 feet) tall: Scaffold Supervisor signs tag(s) and leaves “Date of Next Inspection” blank Supervisor gives the signed GREEN or YELLOW tag(s) to a Scaffold Inspector All Scaffold Inspectors and Scaffold Supervisors MUST BE CERTIFIED 14/3/2018

If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters (20 feet) tall: Scaffold Inspector inspects scaffold As soon as possible after Scaffold Supervisor’s inspection Scaffold Inspector also fills in and signs separate “Scaffold Field Inspection Checklist” Inspector gives this checklist to Work Permit Issuer’s unit, who will keep it until scaffold is taken down 14/3/2018

If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters (20 feet) tall: If Scaffold Inspector agrees that scaffold is safe to use, he will: Fill in and sign GREEN or YELLOW scaffold tag(s) Previously given to him by Scaffold Supervisor 14/3/2018

Scaffold Erection Requirement Only competent & experienced person must be permitted to erect & dismantle the scaffolding at site. Guardrails, mid rails & toe boards must be placed on all open side of platforms more than 1.2 meters above ground (or) floor. 14/3/2018

Scaffold Erection Requirement The top rail must be placed approximately 1200 mm high from the platform. The mid rail must be placed approximately 600 mm high from the platform. The toe board must be placed approximately 300 mm from the platform. 14/3/2018

Top Rail, Mid Rail & Toe Board 14/3/2018

Scaffold Erection Requirement All scaffolds shall be provided with an access ladder that extends to at least 1 meter above the platform. Platforms should be 220mm wide & 25mm thick and it should be tightened with scaffolding to prevent movements in high winds. Scaffolds should be cleaned after the completion of work. 14/3/2018

Scaffold Erection Requirement Should be on a firm foundation with base plates. Should be properly braced & tied up. Should have a properly tightened platform. Should have guardrails over 1.2 meters. Should have adequate means of ingress & egress. 14/3/2018

Ladder Safety

Scaffold Erection Requirement Must be able to support its own weight and 4 times the maximum intended load. Scaffolds must be designed by a qualified person. 14/3/2018

Scaffold Erection Requirement Any scaffold damaged or weakened from any cause shall be immediately repaired and shall not be used until repairs have been completed. 14/3/2018

Planking All planking or platforms shall be overlapped (minimum 12 inches) or secured from movement. Scaffold planks shall extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. 14/3/2018

Platform Construction No paint on wood platforms, except edges that may be marked for identification. Fully planked. No mixed components, unless compatible and integrity maintained. No modification of mixed components unless approved by competent person. 14/3/2018

Common Scaffold Safety Tips Never use scaffolds that do not have proper guardrails installed 14/3/2018

Common Scaffold Safety Tips Must bear on adequate foundations Unstable objects will not be used as working platforms 14/3/2018

Common Scaffold Safety Tips Lifeline support must be checked for compatibility prior to use. 14/3/2018

Life Line LIFE LINE 14/3/2018

Access Must have safe access Cross-braces prohibited as means of access Rest platforms required at 35 feet intervals Slip-resistant on all steps and landings 14/3/2018

PFAS Workers must be trained how to properly use PFAS. PFAS include anchorage, lifeline and full body harness with double lanyard. Both Active & Passive Fall Protection. 14/3/2018

Restrictions Don’t overloaded. Don’t Erect & move near power lines . Repair damaged components. Restrict horizontal movement of workers unless provided with fall protection. Prohibit work activities during high winds unless authorized. Remove whole scaffold from service until repaired. Note – Scaffolds must be erected 10 feet away of the overhead power line with 300 volts to 50KV. 14/3/2018

Over Head Power Lines Proper clearance near overhead lines Keep 10 foot minimum unless de-energized, Relocated, or installed protective covering installed! 14/3/2018

Restrictions No work on snow, or ice covered platforms No barrels, boxes or ladders on top of scaffolds 14/3/2018

Training Required Employees must receive training from qualified person that covers: Nature of hazards, electrical, falls, and falling items Use of scaffold / handling Maximum intended load and load carrying capabilities of scaffold Procedures for setup, dismantling or moving the system 14/3/2018

In General…. Follow the manufacturer's instructions when erecting the scaffold. Do not work on scaffolds outside during stormy or windy weather. Do not climb on scaffolds that wobble or lean to one side. Initially inspect the scaffold prior to mounting it. Do not use a scaffold if any pulley, block, hook or fitting is visibly worn, cracked, rusted or otherwise damaged. Do not use any scaffold tagged "Out of Service". Do not work on platforms or scaffolds unless they are fully planked. Do not use a scaffold unless guardrails and all flooring are in place. 14/3/2018

In General…. Do not walk or work beneath a scaffold unless a wire mesh has been installed between the top rail and the toe board or planking. Use your safety belts and lanyards when working on scaffolding at a height. Attach the lanyard to a secure member of the scaffold. Do not climb the cross braces for access to the scaffold. Use the ladder. Do not jump from, to, or between scaffolding. Do not move a mobile scaffold if anyone is on the scaffold. Chock the wheels of the rolling scaffold, using the wheel blocks, and also lock the wheels by using your foot to depress the wheel-lock, before using the scaffold. 14/3/2018

Resources http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/scaffolding/index .html http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_do cument?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9720 http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/safetytopics/sc affoldinginfo.htm Scaffold Safety Hand book – Saudi Aramco ANY QUERIES??? 14/3/2018