IPv6 Deployment: Opportunities and Challenges Lao Expo 2016 14 Dec 2016

Outline Global and Regional IPv6 adoption IPv6 Deployment in Laos IPv6 Trends, Challenges and Opportunities  IPv6 Deployment Use Cases  Training and Capacity Building Efforts

So what is IPv6? Two different Internets NOT interoperable There’s a need to upgrade / migrate / transition to IPv6 IPv6 is the new protocol standard that solves the IPv4 address limitation

IPv4 vs IPv6 There are more IPv6 addresses than IPv4 IPv4 = 232 or 4.3B IPv6: 2128 or 3.4x108 IPv4 and IPv6 are represented differently IPv4 = 192.168.1.100 IPv6 = 2001:DB8::ABCD

IPv6 Adoption Status by Google IPv6 is already being deployed around the world Native IPv6 adoption : 12.24% https://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/statistics.html

IPv6 Deployment Worldwide IPv6 Preferred : 8.48 IPv6 Capable: 6.98 (as at 10 Dec 2016) ~40% increase since start of 2016 http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XA

IPv6 Deployment in the Region

IPv6 Deployment in the Region IPv6 Preferred: 2.65 IPv6 Capable: 2.48 (as at 10 Dec 2016) Average in the sub-region is lower than worldwide adoption http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XU?o=cXDw1x1r1

IPv6 Capability (South east Asia)

IPv6 Deployment in the Region https://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/statistics.html

IPv6 Deployment in Malaysia Highest in the Southeast Asia sub-region IPv6 Preferred : 14.8 IPv6 Capable: 13.44 (as at 10 Dec 2016)

IPv6 Deployment in Vietnam Huge increase only within the year 2016 IPv6 Preferred : 14.8 IPv6 Capable: 13.44 (as at 10 Dec 2016)

All about Laos 6,970,272 people 996,748 users 14% penetration 19 ASes GDP IPv4 12 in BGP 71,168 addresses 0.01 per head 94% visible IPv6 2 in BGP 30,064 M addresses 4,313 per head 0% visible capability

Have you adopted IPv6? 9 IPv6 delegations for LA

IPv6 Deployment in Laos http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/LA

How to Deploy IPv6? IPv6-only IPv4 and IPv6 Translation Access to IPv6 only; IPv4 network is unreachable Provides access to both IPv4 and IPv6 networks IPv6 internal, use translation mechanism to access IPv4 (or vice versa) Typical deployment are for research purposes Typically implemented in ISP backbone Mobile networks run IPv6, use SP-NAT to access IPv4 Native IPv6 Dual-stack NAT64, 464XLAT, etc..

IPv4 only Network IPv4 Internet IPv4 host IPv4+IPv6 host Subscriber Network IPv4-only SP Network Internet IPv4 Customer Router IPv6 host IPv6 Internet IPv6 Network grows as long as IPv4 addresses are available

Dual-Stack Network IPv6 available to customers IPv4 Internet IPv4 host IPv4+IPv6 host Subscriber Network Dual-Stack SP Network Internet IPv4 Customer Router IPv6 host IPv6 Internet IPv6 IPv6 available to customers Network grows as long as IPv4 is available

Dual-Stack with SP NAT IPv6 available all the way to customer IPv4 Internet IPv4 host IPv4+IPv6 host Subscriber Network Dual-Stack SP Network using RFC1918 addresses Internet IPv4 Customer Router IPv6 host IPv6 Internet IPv6 SP NAT Sharing IPv4 address(es) IPv6 available all the way to customer SP NAT translates IPv6 traffic to access IPv4

IPv6 only Network IPv6 Internet IPv6 host IPv4+IPv6 host Subscriber Network IPv4-only SP Network IPv4 Customer Router IPv4 host IPv4 Internet

Challenges to IPv6 Extra technology cost Content availability equipment purchase and upgrades with IPv6 support Content availability IPv6 performance and security concerns

IPv6 Performance Enough data accumulated to analyze IPv6 performance APNIC R&D, Geoff Huston’s recent study Presented @ APRICOT 2016 (Feb, 2016) Is IPv6 as “robust” as IPv4? Measurement: do all TCP connection attempt succeed? Connection failure = Un-matching incoming SYN and ACK IPv4 connection failure sits at 0.2% IPv6 connection failure sits at 1.8% Came down largely since 2012 (around 5%) Still some space to improve http://www.potaroo.net/presentations/2016-02-10-ad-measurement.pdf

IPv6 Performance Enough data accumulated to analyze IPv6 performance APNIC R&D, Geoff Huston’s recent study Presented @ APRICOT 2016 (Feb, 2016) Is IPv6 as “fast” as IPv4? (use of IPv6 unicast) Chronological comparison of RTT since 2012 RTT measurements from the SYN-ACK exchange IPv6 as fast as IPv4 IPv6 is faster about half of the time http://www.potaroo.net/presentations/2016-02-10-ad-measurement.pdf

Mobility in today’s Internet - Geoff Huston Mobile Mobiles are now 48% of all visible devices Desktop Mobile access services represent 75% of all Access Provider revenue Tablet Console https://labs.apnic.net/presentations/store/2015-11-20-mobiles.pdf

IPv6 in mobile networks Mobile devices and IPv6 Alcatel Lucent Android supports 464XLAT transition technology Apple iOS 9 supports IPv6 only network services (Aug 2015) All apps submitted to the App Store must support IPv6 starting in early 2016 Alcatel Lucent ‘Introducing IPv6 into mobile network reduces the CG-NAT bandwidth required by the mobile operator resulting in reduced CAPEX’ Whitepaper published in April 2015 464XLAT in mobile networks: IPv6 migration strategies for mobile networks https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=08282015a https://www.apnic.net/community/ipv6-program/IPv6_Migration_Strategies_for_Mobile_Networks_Whitepaper.pdf

IPv6 in mobile networks Verizon Wireless (USA) T-Mobile USA (USA) Deployed dual stack transition technology in 2011 T-Mobile USA (USA) Deployed IPv6 transition technology (464XLAT) in Oct 2012 Telstra Australia (Australia) Testing IPv6 transition technology (464XLAT) since 2011 Final stage of testing 464XLAT Started in Aug/Sept 2016 SK Telecom (Korea) Deployed IPv6 transition technology (464XLAT) in July 2014 Why did SKT adopt IPv6 in their mobile networks? CAPEX for Network Address Translator (NAT) equipment Difficult to operate duplicated networks Korean government’s encouragement FPT (Vietnam) Begin IPv6 trial for 200,000 customers in 2012 Started transition in 2016 with aim of providing IPv6 to 500,000 by year-end Complete roll-out of IPv6 connectivity to all customers planned for 2017

T-Mobile USA 74.47% (Dec 2016) 48.99% (May 2016) Oct 2012, 464XLAT deployed http://www.worldipv6launch.org/apps/ipv6week/measurement/images/graphs/T-MobileUSA.png

FPT Telecom (VN) 21.38 % (Dec 2016) http://www.worldipv6launch.org/apps/ipv6week/measurement/images/graphs/FPTTelecom.png

Observations IPv6 end-user readiness is increasing across region Varies among region, economies, networks. Key market players taking lead on IPv6 continues to have sizable impact on economy wide IPv6 readiness. Once IPv6 is enabled in a network, end user readiness tends to grow rapidly. Initial roll-out followed by expansion to smaller market and regional ISPs as well as content, cloud, cable TV, and other service providers.

IAB Statement on IPv6 Networking standards need to fully support IPv6 https://www.iab.org/2016/11/07/iab-statement-on-ipv6/

APNIC-ITU Capacity Building Efforts “IPv6 Transition Strategies and Technologies” Workshop Vientiane, Laos - August 2014 “IPv6 Infrastructure Workshop” Phnom Penh, Cambodia – July 2016

APNIC IPv6 Capacity Building in the Region Apart from this partnership, APNIC has also conducted a number of outreach programs. IPv6 workshop in May 2014 Member Development in Jun 2014 – this is to coordinate more and meet member needs APNIC Regional Meeting - 2015

IPv6@APNIC www.apnic.net/ipv6

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