Nationalism Soc 20-1

Nationalism What is your current understanding of the concept of nationalism?

What is a nation? Write down your best definition without a text!

What is a nation? Text Definitions:

Some understandings of “Nation” Linguistic Ethnic Cultural Religious Geographic Relationship to Land Spiritual Political

Linguistic Developing a sense of nation around a shared language Quebec Harper “The Quebecois form a nation within a united Canada”

Ethnic Sense of belonging to a nation based upon a shared ethnicity Can be felt within one’s own country, but also in other contexts Ukranian Canadian club, Chinatown, Little Italy Danger in this?

Cultural The ways of life that people share contribute to feeling part of a nation Different First Nations groups can have very different cultures Oiler’s nation vs. Flames Nation Both love Hockey, but with very different and opposing loyalties

Religious A sense of nation created around a shared religion Examples?

Geographic Geographic barriers often force people to develop in isolation from others, causing the rise of a distinct culture, language and religion. This creates a shared sense of identity. Tibet Island Nations

Nation and Relationship to Land The resources provided by the land where a group of people live create a unique lifestyle. Ocean, rivers, prairies, mountains, forests What kind of ways of life would these resources create? Could a sense of nation be formed around them?

Spiritual Understandings of Nation Sometimes the land has a sacred value to a group of people Sacred sites in North America for First Nations peoples Jerusalem Jews, Christians and Muslims

Political A sense of nation created around the desire for control, or control over one’s political affairs Self Determination – the power to control one’s own affairs Sovereignty – The political authority to control one’s own affairs Tibet vs. China

Nationalism Survey Is there any danger in being too nationalistic? Explain   Is there any danger in having no sense of nation? Explain.

Pros & Cons Pros: Pride = take care of your country/land, feel proud of accomplishments. Can lead to more productive and happy society. Pride is extended to other Canadians who do great things (Terry Fox or Rick Hanson) Unity = “family mentality” where we all work to create feelings of solidarity and support for each other. We work towards collective goals/ideals. Sense of belonging Identity = we know who we are, or at least we strive towards an ideal (multicultural, peaceful, accepting, polite). This is how we define ourselves. Symbols/icons help clarify our character. Collective Consciousness = shared memories that we have as a nation that help bind us together. Greater Sense of Purpose = not just focused on yourself. Connected to more people than those in your community

Pros & Cons Cons Arrogance = too much pride and boastfulness leads to feelings of superiority. Feelings of superiority can lead to actions of: invasion, imperialism, assimilation, and genocide Blind Nationalism = too much pride can lead to ultranationalistic feeling where you refuse to see the flaws of your nation. Isolationism = too strong of a focus on independence and unity can lead to an unwillingness to work with other nations. Exclusion = if a nation has too narrow of a definition of its ideas of identity, we can alienate others. Stereotyping = overgeneralizations that develop regarding a certain group. “Paint everyone with the same brush”. Often how “other people” view a nation.

Key Terms Developed – Wealthier countries, countries with stronger economies (Previously “First World”) Ex. Canada, U.S. Developing – Countries with less strong economies (previously “Third World”) Many African and South American Countries Global North – Developed countries Global South – Developing Countries Multiculturalism/Pluralism – a belief, doctrine or policy that promotes diversity (cultural, ethnic, religious, linguistic, gender, ideological, and others)

Key Terms Nation State – A country Patriotism – love of one’s country Sovereignty – The political authority to control one’s own affairs Self Determination – A people’s right to control their own affairs Internationalism – the belief that all members of the global community accept collective responsibility for the challenges that face the world

Canada vs. How would you compare Canadian Nationalism to: The nationalism of Nazi Germany The nationalism of the American or French Revolution

Vimy Ridge (pg 20) Video Canada’s first military command and victory Over 10000 casualties Agree or disagree that this is Canada’s creation story?

National Unity What is National Unity? When the people within a nation share basic beliefs and values, such as respect for diversity.

National Unity Pros? What about your school? How do you create national unity? Do we have it?

Collective Consciousness Do we have a Canadian collective consciousness? Look at survey answers Age gap? Do you feel a connection to our country’s past events?

Collective Consiousness When I was a kid… Everyone watched: CBC, CTV, YTV, Much Music Shows: Mr Dress-Up, Friendly Giant, Camp Caribou, the Raccoons, Degrassi, Breaker High Listened to Local or National radio No internet until I was 11!

Collective Consiousness Do you have any Canadian Consciousness left? American Stores Restaurants TV Movies American Brands News Web sites Prove me wrong!

National Identity What was your impression of Souvenir? Why would he go to all of this work? What was the point?   What is the benefit to having a unified nation? What is being done to create a more unified nation? What groups or individuals are working to create a more unified nation? What things could you do to create a more unified nation? What roadblocks exist?

National Identity What are the benefits of National Identity?

National Identity Sense of belonging Shared identity – or at least an ideal to strive for (multicultural, peaceful, accepting, polite) Greater purpose (than doing things just for yourself) Greater security and prosperity Connection to a great number of people Source of pride in fellow Canadians

Foreign Policy A country's foreign policy, also called the foreign relations policy, consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve its goals within international relations milieu Since the national interests are paramount, foreign policies are designed by the government National interests accomplishment can occur as a result of peaceful cooperation with other nations, or through exploitation.

Wilson’s 14 Points American President Woodrow Wilson brought a plan for lasting peace to the Paris Peace Conference called the 14 points He called for open diplomacy between nations, no secret deals Freedom of the seas for all countries Open and free trade between all countries Did not require Germany to repay the allies He also called for the creation of “The League of Nations” An international organization that would work together to ensure that all nations worked together to maintain peace.

Wilson’s 14 Points However, some other nations disagreed with his points and many thought that that the “League of Nations” was idealistic and would never actually protect peace. In the end Public opinion swayed against Wilson in his own country and they refused to join the League of Nations, leaving it crippled without one of the most powerful nations in the world as a member.

Treaty of Versailles Signed in Paris in 1919 Allies imposed the “War Guilt Clause” on Germany This stated that Germany was responsible for all allied losses suffered during the war As a result Germany was required to : Demilitarize Pay war reparations ($30 Billion) Give up much of their territory

To what extent should national interest be pursued? Based on what you’ve learned so far about: Arctic Sovereignty? World War I?

Review Know the meaning of National Interest – Foreign policy Arctic Sovereignty (know the main reasons it is a contended area, who were the major players involved) World War One (Know the causes of it, the main events, technology used, who were the countries involved and on which side, consequences of the war) Treaty of Versailles and Wilson’s 14 points Use the Powerpoint Presentations on Moodle

Self Determination The right of the people of a particular place to choose the form of government they will have. The freedom to make your own choices.

Self Determination within Canada There are 4 Major Groups that have fought for the right to self determination in Canada: Quebecois Metis Inuit First Nations Groups

Self Determination within Canada Your job is to find out their challenges to achieving self determination, the reasons they want it and the progress they have made towards this goal. At the end of this, your assignment is to determine which group makes the best case for self –determination in Canada. You will have to support your choice!