Growth of Urban Areas
Rank-Size Rule Defined: the country’s nth-largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement In other words – the second largest city is ½ the size of the largest
Rank-Size Rule Name Population 1 Charlotte 630,478 2 Raleigh 356,321 3 Name Population 1 Charlotte 630,478 2 Raleigh 356,321 3 Greensboro 236,865 4 Durham 209,009 5 Winston-Salem 196,990 6 Fayetteville 168,033 7 Cary 112,414 8 High Point 97,796 9 Wilmington 95,944 10 Asheville 72,789 11 Greenville 72,052 12 Gastonia 69,904 13 Jacksonville 69,688
Rank-Size Rule Rank Name Population 1 New York 8,143,197 2 Los Angeles 3,844,829 3 Chicago 2,842,518 4 Houston 2,016,582 5 Philadelphia 1,463,281 6 Phoenix 1,461,575 7 San Antonio 1,256.509
China Canada Shanghai 11,740,500 Toronto 5,132,794 Beijing 9,019,600 Montreal 3,407,963 Hong Kong 6,780,000 Vancouver 2,135,201 Chongqing 6,176,600 Calgary 1,095,404 Tianjin 5,481,000 Edmonton 960,015 Nanjing 4,563,400 Ottawa–Gatineau 933,596 Quebec City 696,946
Primate City The leading city of a country. The city is disproportionately larger than the rest of the cities in the country. (Some books define as – The largest city…) For example: London, UK Mexico City, Mexico Paris, France - the rank-size rule does not work for a country with a primate city
Cities of Mexico 1 Mexico City 8,841,916 2 Ecatepec de Morelos 1,734,701 3 Tijuana 1,590,420 4 Puebla 1,590,256 5 Guadalajara 1,564,514 6 Ciudad Juárez 1,407,849 7 León 1,397,446 8 Zapopan 1,260,381 9 Monterrey 1,138,711
Primate City These cities tend to represent the perceived culture of the country.
World Urban Dwellers
World Maps of Urban Pop. Knox, 394,395 39.7 58.9 7.9 39.9 49.7 17.2 % of total Pop. in Urban Areas % of Urban pop. In cities of less than 500,000 & of Urban pop in cities of 5 mil or more Africa 39.7 58.9 7.9 Asia 39.9 49.7 17.2 L. America 77.6 48.0 20.6 N. America 80.8 37.5 20.5 Europe 73.3 63.3 8.5 Oceania 41.7 0.0 World 49.2 51.37 15.3
© 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
What term did the United Nations first coin in the 1970s for cities that had more than 10 million inhabitants? Megalopolis World Cities Megacities Urban Influence Zones Primate Cities
What term did the United Nations first coin in the 1970s for cities that had more than 10 million inhabitants? Megalopolis World Cities Megacities Urban Influence Zones Primate Cities
World Cities
Megacities Large cities characterized by both primacy and a high degree of centrality within their national economy – population of 10 million+ UN anticipates by 2015 – 22 cities of 10 mil.+ With some cities at 25 mil.+ Fastest growing cities are not in core regions http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/interactive/2012/oct/04/rise-of-megacities-interactive?CMP=twt_gu Map of megacities- Fellman, 370
Largest Cities Ten Most Populous in A.D. 1975 1. Tokyo 19.8 million 2. New York 15.9 million 3. Shanghai 11.4 million 4. México 11.2 million 5. São Paulo 9.9 million 6. Osaka 9.8 million 7. Buenos Aires 9.1 million 8. Los Angeles 8.9 million 9. Paris 8.9 million 10. Beijing 8.5 million Source: U.N., 2001 * Note that five of these cities are in the Core or more developed world. 18
Ten Most Populous Today Megacities Ten Most Populous Today 19
Largest Cities Ten Most Populous by A.D. 2015 1. Tokyo 28.7 million 2. Bombay 27.4 million 3. Lagos 24.4 million 4. Shanghai 23.4 million 5. Jakarta 21.2 million 6. São Paulo 20.8 million 7. Karachi 20.6 million 8. Beijing 19.4 million 9. Dhaka, Bangladesh 19.0 million 10. México 18.8 million Source: U.N., 2001 * Note that only one of these cities is in the Core of the more developed world! 20
Skyscrapers Why build up? Why copy Western model? Where are the world’s tallest buildings? Skyscrapers 21
Megacities and world cities experience political, economic, social and environmental challenges
Overurbanization – cities grow more rapidly than the jobs and housing they can sustain. Leading to Instant slums, open sewers, no basic utilities Squatter settlements- Chile – callampas (mushroom cities) Turkey – gecekondu (built after dusk and before dawn) India – bustees Tunisia – gourbevilles Brazil – favelas (a wildflower that live on the hillsides over Brazil) Argentina – villas miserias Peru - barriadas Addis Ababa, Ethiopia – 80% of pop. are homeless or live in unfit housing http://www.gapminder.org/videos/a-slum-insight/
http://in-gods-name.blogspot.com/2009_12_01_archive.html
http://www.gapminder.org/videos/a-slum-insight/
Map Analysis: Purpose of City http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/standard/geography/settlement/settlement_function/revision/3/