Observations? Patterns? Area: Canada #2, U.S. #3 (just) Canada largest country bordering only one country #1?  Russia by almost double Pop: U.S. #3 Canada #36  ~10% US pop…behind MUCH smaller countries (S.Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Italy, Burma)

Major cities, what do you notice? Why are they situated like this? Largest cities and locations (maps) U.S. New York-Newark 19.3 million Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana 12.675 million Chicago 9.134 million Miami 5.699 million WASHINGTON, D.C. (capital) 4.421 million Canada (their #1 barely makes U.S. Top 5) Toronto 5.377 million Montreal 3.75 million Vancouver 2.197 million OTTAWA (capital) 1.17 million Calgary 1.16 million

British Columbia Important about location?  Coasts = Trade! (w/Asia)

Landscape?  mountainous, forests

Cities…location. (coasts)…why. (trade). Close connection/influence Cities…location? (coasts)…why? (trade)...Close connection/influence? (Asia)

British Columbia Land = mountainous, majority covered in forests  among world leader in timber exports Vancouver = 3rd largest city in Canada  Coastal location = major trade center  Close connection to Asian culture Similar to U.S.  Pacific Northwest (OR and WA)

Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba Prairie Provinces Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba

Land?  flat, grasslands, rolling hills, forest and lakes

Use?  farming, cities (smaller)

Prairie Provinces Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba Land = flat grasslands, rolling hills in east (mts. in west) farming, ranching, oil ¾ Canada’s farmland 2nd largest wheat exporter (behind U.S.) Cities = Calgary and Edmonton - Similar to U.S.  Great Plains (largest prairie in world)

Central Provinces Ontario and Quebec What could be good/strategic about locations?  Great Lakes, St. Lawrence, Hudson Bay Ontario and Quebec

Most varied landscape

Central Provinces Ontario and Quebec Land = north: Canadian Shield, south: major urban areas Great Lakes, St. Lawrence River  Manufacturing, industry, trade Two most populous provinces  mostly in south, near U.S. border Toronto (Ontario), Montreal (Quebec) = two largest cities Canadian capital – Ottawa in Ontario - Similar to U.S.  Northeast, Michigan, Chicago

Atlantic (Maritime) Provinces Infer about effects of location/name - Maritime? = “of the sea” Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick

Land?  coastline, forests, bays/harbors

Smaller port cities (Halifax), fishing!

Atlantic (Maritime) Provinces Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick Land = rocky coastlines, forests, rolling hills Bays and harbors Fishing (Grand Banks), ship building Transatlantic trade (closer to Ireland than NY) Similar to U.S.  New England (ME, MA, RI)

Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, Nunavut Northern Territories Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, Nunavut

Land?  not a lot trees, rugged

“Downtown” of territory capitals

Northern Territories Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, Nunavut Land = tundra, frozen Arctic Ocean, very rugged Little vegetation, sparse population 1/3 Canada’s land, <1% population large percentage native people (First Nations) - Similar to U.S.  Alaska

Canada’s Diverse Cultural Heritage Nunavut Quebec

Nunavut “Our Land” Largest province/territory in Canada - 772,000 sq miles = 1/5 Canada’s area BUT Least populated - approx 32,000 people - one of least densely populated places in world! - Entire population could sit in Camden Yards and still have 15,000 empty seats or Ravens Stadium and have 39,000! Unique population - approx 85% are Inuit – native peoples - approx 70% speak Inuktitut – native Inuit language - diet includes whale, walrus, polar bear and sea weed - transportation: kayak, dog sled and snowmobile  no paved roads!

Nunavut “Our Land” 4,000 years-ago: first Inuit people inhabit area 16th -17th centuries: European fur traders arrive 1870: Northwest Territories = part of Canada 1970’s: Inuit people begin to push for own self-governing territory 1982: people of Northwest Territories vote to create separate Inuit territory 1993: Nunavut is carved out of the Northwest Territories, making it the largest of Canada’s provinces or territories April 1, 1999: Nunavut becomes third territory of Canada

Quebec “statut particulier” Largest province in Canada and second most populated Official language is French Approx 80% population are “francophones”  French = first language

Quebec “statut particulier” 1535: Jacques Cartier sails up St. Lawrence River and claims for New France 1754-63: French and Indian War French lose to British and surrender all lands east of Mississippi, including Quebec many French colonists remain in Quebec 1867: Canadian confederation Francophones = 2nd class citizens 1960’a: Quiet Revolution Like civil rights movement for francophones gain power in government Separatist movement emerges 1977: French = official language of Quebec 1980: Referendum on becoming own nation  No 1995: 2nd referendum fails but split almost 50/50

Closing thoughts… In what ways are the U.S. and Canada similar? What are some potential pros/cons of Quebec becoming its own country? Are there regions, populations, cultures, etc. in the U.S. that could be compared to Nunavut or Quebec?