Lecture: European and Asian Immigration after 1865-1925 11/29/16

Objective To understand the causes and consequences of immigration to the US between 1865-1925

New and Old Immigrants Old Immigrants (before 1880) New Immigrants (1880-1910) Northern and Western EU Protestant Christians Southern and Eastern EU Asia Catholic Buddhist Jewish

European Immigration 1865-1914: 25 million Europeans “New Immigrants” Eastern and Southern Europe Italy Greece Austria-Hungary Poland Russia Serbia Mostly Men

Causes of European Immigration Pull Factors (lure): Jobs Social Mobility Push Factors (escape) High food prices Poverty Military service Overpopulation Religious Persecution Especially for the Jews

Process: Ellis Island New York City Processing Center for European Immigration Had to pass a health inspection http://www.history.com/topics/ellis-island/videos#deconstructing-history-ellis-island

Inscribed on a plaque within the Statue of Liberty National Monument. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!“ Poet Emma Lazarus saw the statue as a beacon to the world. A poem she wrote to help raise money for the pedestal, and which is carved on that pedestal, captured what the statue came to mean to the millions who migrated to the United States seeking freedom, and who have continued to come unto this day. http://www.history.com/topics/ellis-island/videos#deconstructing-history-statue-of-liberty

Causes of Asian Immigration Chinese Push Factors: unemployment, poverty, famine, war Pull Factors: Work on the Railroads Japanese Push Factors: Economic problems Pull Factors: Economic possibilities Angel Island San Francisco, CA Could wait for several months Filipinos: Nationals

Reaction to Immigration: Nativism Nativism – an extreme dislike of immigrants by native-born Americans Focus on Asians, Jews, and Eastern European “White” =Northwestern European decent Claimed immigrants undermined Unions b/c would work for lower wages Were successful in passing a Literacy law in 1917 Immigrants had to prove they were literate to immigrate

Human Experience (Course) What kind of experience did most immigrants face in the 1880s-1920s? Social, Political and Economic Discrimination Ethnic Communities form To deal with Culture Shock To create Support network “Little Italy’s” “China Towns”

Consequences of Immigration Political: Anti-Chinese Laws: Banned citizenship & intercultural marriage. Chinese Exclusion Act 1882 banned immigration and citizenship Anti-Japanese Laws: Gentleman’s Agreement 1908 – limit immigration; agreement on treatment. Asian Immigration limited1924-1965 Economic Job discrimination: low wages, long hours

Lecture Review What caused people to immigrate? How did some Americans react to immigration from 1865-1920? Why do you think they reacted that way? What were some of the consequences of immigration? How do you think immigration is viewed in today’s society?

ESSO Political Cartoon Analysis Exaggeration: what is exaggerated? Symbols: what symbols? Represent? Subject: what is the doc. About? Opinion: what is the message? What is the authors opinion? Copy this on the blank side of your paper

E.S.S.O

Political Cartoon Analysis

OVPL Document Analysis Strategy Origin: Purpose: Value: Limitation: Turn to page 22o in your textbook