Health care careers Part II What do you want to be?

Difference between a first responder and an EMT EMT- provide emergency pre-hospital care First responder- First person to arrive at scene Police officers, fire department, immediate family members Usually provides basic emergency medical care Certified first responder- trained in airway management, O2, bleeding control, and CPR

EMS cont EMT- emergency medical tech- provides care for illnesses and injuries May treat fractures, airway obstruction, BLS, O2 admin, emergency child birth, rescue of trapped people, transporting victims

Levels of EMS EMT-B (defibrillation)has additional training in BLS Can administer the AED EMT-A (advanced) same tasks as EMT, but also assesses patients manages shock, uses IV and can insert esophageal airways EMT-P-(paramedic)another 2 years school --has ACLS, ECG’s, intubation, and administer drugs

Talk with table buddy------- Ask what the 3 levels of EMT are.

Health information communications services Maintain complete and accurate records Distribute health information via writing, photos and illustrations Works for: Hospitals Clinics LTC Home health agencies

Types of health info workers Medical records administrator-compiles stats, stores info, manages medical records Medical records tech-organize and code patients----(CPT book) Medical transcriptionist- enters information from documentation or audio from health care professionals Unit secretaries- record info in patients orders supplies, schedule procedures or test

Health info workers cont. Medical illustrator- illustrations for charts graphs, journals or magazines(Dr Netter/CIBA) Medical librarian- organize books and journals, use computers to generate information to large health care facilities, and some specialize research

Medical careers Involved with treatment , diagnosis, prevention of disease Included doctors, or is supervised by doctors

Levels of workers for medical Doctor MD- can diagnose and treat and prevent disease 800,000 MDs in US with many specialties bachelors at university then MCAT 4 years to get MD then exams and year of internship specialize? 4-5 years in residency sub-specilaize---2-3 years in fellowship

What is a DO?----osteopathy osteo means ‘bone’ Doctor of osteopathic medicine---DO Started in 1890s by Andrew Still, a civil war surgeon. Placed emphasis on manual manipulation and preventative medicine. DO more likely to be wholistic but really same as MD(same exams). Can do specialties, anesthesiology,ect. Most DO don’t use manipulation. 80,000 DO in US.

What is a DC?----chiropractor chiro means ‘hands’ Doctor of chiropratic---DC Started in 1890s by DD Palmer, ‘health hippie’. Based on structure affects function. School starts same as MD then fades into manipulation and wholistic, nutrition theories instead of medications. Some do specialties like radiology or sports medicine with more training. 50,000 DCs in US. Maybe DCM someday, to allow medications with manipulation.

Medical levels cont Physician’s assistant- able to diagnose, take medical history, treat minor injury, and prescribe under the supervision of a physician Medical assistant- works under the supervision of a physician, preps patient for examination, procedures, maintains equipment, performs basic labs

Medical social services Can be mental service worker- works with mental retardation, or mental or emotional disorders. Or, they are social workers that work with ill patients, employment, and community problems- both help people to be more independent They can work for public facilities, clinics, private practice and HHA, go offices, rehab, hospitals

Mental and social services cont Psychiatrist is MD who specializes in mental disorders Psychologist- work under the supervision of psychiatrist, study human behavior, and behavior modification Psych health tech- work under supervision of doc, help patients with rehab plans, and help teach and observe patient ‘s social behavior

Mortuary careers Preparation of body, burial, creation Level of worker: Funeral directors/morticians- prep body, secure information death certificate, make burial arrangements, usually licensed embalmer Embalmer- washes body, replace blood with embalming fluid, reshapes disfigured bodies, apply cosmetics, and dress bodies and put in the box

Mortuary careers Mortuary assistant- works under the supervision of the funeral director Assist with prep of body Drive the hearse Arrange flowers for viewing Assist prep of funeral service We wash the body, and drive the hearse!!!

NURSES Job duties are to be awesome! provide care for patient under the direction of a physician about 3 million RNs in US Places of employment: Hospital Rehab center clinic

NURSES CONT. Public health Home health HMO Schools Gov agencies Industrial informatics

NURSES CONT. Nurse practitioners(NP) work under the supervision of the physician, able to take health history, basic exam, order lab test, referrals, set up treatment plans. Maybe able to prescribe medications. CRNA- nurse anesthetist- able to administer anesthesia, monitor patients during surgery Nurse educators- teach in schools of nursing at colleges universities, wellness centers

NURSES CONT Nurse midwives CNM- provide care for normal pregnancies, examine patient, perform tests, teach childbirth classes, and referrals BSN- bachelor degree nurse- work under the supervision of physician, provide total care to patients, administer medications, supervised other nursing personnel, be teachers, public health nurses, charge at hospitals

NURSES CONT RN- registered nurse- able to do what the BSN does, however, BSN will usually be in an administrative type role. LVN- work under the supervision of an RN and physician. Provide patient care that requires technical knowledge, but not able to perform some duties of the RN- example administer blood products- state laws regulate duties

NURSES CONT. Nurse aide- CNA- work under the supervision of an RN, or LVN. Provide ADL’s, bathes, and basic care. Must comply with state written and performance competency exams Surgical scrub tech- work under the supervision of the physician or RN, prep patient for surgery, set up OR, assist during surgery passing equipment

NUTRITION AND DIETARY SERVICES Registered dietician-RD assess patient nutritional needs, teach proper nutrition, purchase food equipment, enforce sanitary and safety rules- some specialize in pediatric, kidney, diabetes, or weight management Dietetic tech- works under the supervision of RD, plan menus and food, standardize and test recipes, assist with food prep

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Types of worker: OT (OTR)– masters deg required--occupational therapist help patients with mental, physical or emotional disabilities, use activities to learn ADL’s adapt to job skills, home environment or prep to return to work PT- doctor of PT(DPT)---provide treatment for disabled joint, bone, muscle or nerve injury. Assess functional abilities, administer ultrasound, heat cool, infrared therapy, and teach patients correct use of muscles

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES OT assistant- works under supervision of OT. Helps patient to carry out program of treatment and rehab activities PT assistant- works under supervision of PT. Help to carry out prescribed plan of treatment. Performs exercises and administers heat, cold ect. Assess patient progress and reports to PT

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Pharmacists- (PharmD or RPh)dispense medications from written orders from doc, provide info on meds, and the correct way to use them. Recommend OTC items, makes sure drugs are compatible, keeps records on medications. Assess and monitor drug usage, and researches drug manufactures, and selling drugs

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Pharmacy tech-(CPhT) works under the supervision of the pharmacist, helps to prep medications, label meds, do inventory, prep IV solutions, help maintain records

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Respiratory therapist (RT)- work with physician orders. Treat patients with heart and lung disease, admin O2 gases or medications, monitor ventilator patients, perform diagnostic resp function test Respiratory therapy tech- work under the supervision of the RT, perform basic test, clean and maintain equipment

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Speech pathologist-- identifies and evaluates and treats patients with speech or language disorder. Tests for swallowing disorders, and works with cognitive issues Audiologist- works with patient who have hearing impairment. Test and diagnose hearing problems, prescribe treatment

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Athletic trainer AT--- prevent and treat athletic injuries, provide rehab services, give advice on physical conditioning programs, apply tape or padding to protect against injury, treat minor injury Dialysis tech- operate “kidney bot” actually is called hemodialysis machine, monitor patient during dialysis, and teach proper nutrition

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Perfusionist- member of the open heart team that operates the heart-lung machine, monitor patient while machine is in use.

VETERINARY SERVICES Veterinarian-DVM- prevent diagnose and treat illness or injury of small animals, live stock, or research Vet tech- work under the supervision of vet, assist with animal care, collect specimens, assist with surgery, take and develop x-rays, administer prescribed treatment

Talk with table buddy------ You have seen many different areas of health care. Why are there so many different specialties?

ANIMAL SERVICES Vet assistant- feed, groom bathe and exercise animals, clean and sanitize cages, and surgical areas, assist with examinations

VISION SERVICES Ophthalmologist---MD medical doctor who diagnoses, treats, and performs surgery for eye diseases, and vision correction Optometrist- OD---examines eyes for vision problems and defects, prescribes corrective lenses, and referrals to other specialist

Optician- makes and fits prescribed eye glasses or lenses, some specialize in contacts Ophthalmic lab tech- polish, grind, finish and mount glasses, works with glasses, contact lenses, and other optical instruments

VISION SERVICES Ophthalmic medical tech-OMT works under supervision of the ophthalmologist, performs routine eye test, fits patient with contacts, administer treatment, assist with eye surgery, and admin meds, and performs advance microbiological procedures Ophthalmic tech OT- work under the supervision of ophthalmologist and optometrist preps patient for exams, maintains instruments, teach eye exercises, measures for contacts

Talk with table buddy------ What is difference between Optician Optometrist Opthamologist

career choice flowchart