Unit 8 – Section 1 The Truman Years U.S. History Unit 8 – Section 1 The Truman Years

Timeline 1945 – 1955

The New European Map World War II Interactive Map Potsdam Conference Video The New European Map

Nuremberg Trials

Nuremburg Trials Video Local The German War Crimes trials that were held in Nuremburg, Germany This was a former rallying point for the Nazi Party 12 Nazi leaders were convicted and sentenced to death 7 others were sentenced to jail 3 were acquitted Nuremburg Trials Video Local

United Nations

An international organization the Allies hoped would work to achieve world peace Replaced the League of Nations Contains 5 permanent members – U.S., Soviet Union, Britain, China, and France United Nations

Cold War

A competition for global power and influence between two superpowers The United States and the Soviet Union were the superpowers Waged mainly on political and economic fronts Never turned to fighting between the two countries Cold War

Containment

Containment Video DE Video Local The attempt to restrict the territorial growth or ideological influence of communism First proposed in a report by U.S. diplomat George Kennan This became the policy of the United States throughout the Cold War Containment Video DE Video Local

Truman Doctrine

The policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting against the attempted subjugation (conquest) by armed minorities or outside pressures We (the U.S.) would help stop the spread of communism Truman Doctrine

Marshall Plan

Marshall Plan Video DE Video Local Also known as the European Recovery Plan $17 billion in economic aid to assist European countries that were facing hardships after the war The countries had to pledge to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist Marshall Plan Video DE Video Local

Berlin Airlift

Berlin Airlift

Berlin Airlift Video DE Video Local 4min On June 24, 1948, the Soviets blockaded the roads to Berlin in an attempt to force the western countries to flee the city U.S. and British planes would carry more than 2 million tons of food and supplies into West Berlin These flights lasted for 14 months Berlin Airlift Video DE Video Local 4min

NATO

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization Formed in April 1949 by 9 western European countries (France, Denmark, Belgium, Luxembourg, Norway, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, and the U.K.) along with the U.S., Canada, and Iceland Pledged to defend the others in the event they were attacked NATO

Warsaw Pact

An alliance between the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries Formed in 1955 in response to NATO Warsaw Pact

Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong The communist party leader in China in the 1950s Fought Chiang Kai-shek for power in China Eventually won power and implemented communism in China Mao Zedong

Korean War

Korean War Video 1 DE Video 1 Local 1950 to 1953 Korea divided after WWII Communist North Korea attacks democratic South Korea. China and the Soviet Union support the North The U.S. and the UN support the south. Ceasefire signed 1953, though technically Korea is still at war. “The domino theory” Korean War Video 1 DE Video 1 Local

Inch’ŏn

Inch’ŏn

Inch’ŏn Video 2 DE Video 2 Local The North Koreans had begun to advance down the peninsula Inch’ŏn is located on the western coast of South Korea, not far from Seoul (capital of South Korea) This is where Douglas MacArthur led a counterattack against North Korea This victory cut off the supply lines to the North Korean soldiers down south Inch’ŏn Video 2 DE Video 2 Local

North v. South . . . which is which?

NK vs SK: from space!