Energy Use in Agriculture

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Presentation transcript:

Energy Use in Agriculture C.D. Caldwell and Wang SL Section 2 Unit 1

l01 1.Define energy 2.List 5 sources of energy Energy is driving power for creature’s growth,development and action. in a word,life 1.Define energy 2.List 5 sources of energy 3.Give examples of the following energy changes chemical to thermal mechanical to electrical radiation to chemical

lo2 List three issues surrounding fossil fuels Define efficiency Why is inorganic fertilizer typically a high energy input? What is typically the largest direct energy user on farms? Give an example of a food product that requires a high amount of energy to produce and one that is low.

List two direct methods for reducing energy use in: Machinery Buildings Crop production How does energy use differ in agriculture between China and Canada? Why is the development of renewable energy considered to be important?

Agriculture The science, art and politics of changing sunlight into happy, healthy people. What does sunlight need to do this?

What are the energy inputs into a dairy farm? Make a list of all the off-farm inputs in terms of energy. Discuss your list with a partner and revise your joint list to be as complete as is reasonable.

Energy Subsidies vs Energy Drains Energy subsidy (direct) Labour Fuel Electricity Energy subsidy (indirect) Seeds Fertilizers Herbicides/pesticides Machinery Water/irrigation 2.5 sources of energy

Energy Drains Plants Animals Waste products

Fossil Fuel energy input (kcal) per animal protein production (kcal) output Animal system Energy in/ protein out Range beef 10 : 1 Chicken 16 : 1 Range lamb 16 : 1 Milk 19 : 1 Eggs 28 : 1 Beef 35 : 1 Pork 68 : 1 Lamb 188 : 1

Energy Subsidies - Quantitative Energy subsidy (direct) Labour human = 17MJ/day; ox = 83.7MJ/day Fuel Electricity Energy subsidy (indirect) Seeds Fertilizers Herbicides/pesticides – 1 ton of atrazine = 190GJ Machinery – 65hp tractor = 230GJ/hr; ploughing = 1180MJ/ha and baling hay = 295MJ/ha Water/irrigation

Ways to reduce energy inputs to Agricultural systems Enhancement of P/S efficiency Environmental modification Soil management Water management IPM Disease management Weed management Agronomic methods

What? So what? Now what? Read the article and answer the following questions: What are the facts in this article? (What?) What does the author say it means? Do I agree? (So what?) If this so, then where do we go from here? (Now what?)

Preview please unit 3 Animal Welfare: A good life for animals Describe the range of attitudes from "animal welfare" to "animal rights" as those terms are used in the present day debate on the use and care of animals in agriculture. Describe the principal animal welfare issues in modern animal agriculture. Illustrate using examples from poultry, swine, beef cattle, fur, and dairy farming. Explain the importance of the Physical Environment, the Social Environment and the Human-Animal Relationship to farm animals' quality of life. Manual page 228-240