Nutrition in the teenage years Rebecca Haresign British Nutrition Foundation

Nutrition in the teenage years Overweight and obesity in teenagers; Nutrients of concern in teenagers diets; Addressing the nutrients of concern through the Eatwell Guide.

Nutrition in the teenage years Overweight and obesity in teenagers; Nutrients of concern in teenagers diets; Addressing the nutrients of concern through the Eatwell Guide.

In the UK, one third of teenagers are overweight or obese

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in teenagers HSE, 2015

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in teenagers HSE, 2015

What causes obesity?

Current intakes of teenagers in the UK Recommendation Are teenagers meeting the recommendations? Current intakes Fruit and veg 5 A DAY X 8% achieved the 5 A DAY recommendation Average intakes - 2.8 portions per day Oily fish 140g /week 29 g/week Free sugars < 5% total dietary energy 15.1% total dietary energy Fat < 35% food energy  33.4% food energy Saturated fat < 11% food energy 12.6% food energy Trans fat < 2% food energy 0.5% food energy Fibre (AOAC) 25 g/day 16.2 g/day Red and processed meat < 70 g/day 59 g/day https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/ndns-results-from-years-5-and-6-combined

The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Assesses the diet, nutrient intake and nutritional status of the general population aged 1.5 years and over living in the UK. The only source of high quality nationally representative data on the types and quantities of foods consumed by individuals, from which estimates of nutrient intake for the UK population are derived. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/ndns-results-from-years-5-and-6-combined https://www.nutrition.org.uk/nutritioninthenews/new-reports/ndnsyears5and6.html

Current intakes of teenagers in the UK Recommendation Are teenagers meeting the recommendations? Current intakes Fruit and veg 5 A DAY X 8% achieved the 5 A DAY recommendation Average intakes - 2.8 portions per day Oily fish 140g /week 29 g/week Free sugars < 5% total dietary energy 15.1% total dietary energy Fat < 35% food energy  33.4% food energy Saturated fat < 11% food energy 12.6% food energy Trans fat < 2% food energy 0.5% food energy Fibre (AOAC) 25 g/day 16.2 g/day Red and processed meat < 70 g/day 59 g/day https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/ndns-results-from-years-5-and-6-combined

Nutrition in the teenage years Overweight and obesity in teenagers; Nutrients of concern in teenagers diets; Addressing the nutrients of concern through the Eatwell Guide.

It’s not just a matter of eating less

Teenagers have low intakes of some essential micronutrients Percentage of teenagers with average daily intakes of selected vitamins and minerals below LRNI   Males Females Vitamin A 14 18 Riboflavin 8 20 Folate 5 Iron 9 48 Calcium 12 19  Magnesium 27 Potassium 15 33 Iodine 10 26 Selenium 23 44 Zinc 17 22 https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/ndns-results-from-years-5-and-6-combined

Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI) The LRNI is the amount of a nutrient that is enough for only a small number of people in a group who have low requirements (2.5%). The percentage of population with intake of vitamins and minerals below the LRNI is an indicator of inadequate intake.

Teenagers have low intakes of some essential micronutrients Percentage of teenagers with average daily intakes of selected vitamins and minerals below LRNI   Males Females Vitamin A 14 18 Riboflavin 8 20 Folate 5 Iron 9 48 Calcium 12 19  Magnesium 27 Potassium 15 33 Iodine 10 26 Selenium 23 44 Zinc 17 22 https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/ndns-results-from-years-5-and-6-combined

Teenagers have low intakes of some essential micronutrients Riboflavin (vitamin B2) Releases energy from food. Needed for normal structure and functioning of the skin and body linings. Iron Important for making red blood cells to transport oxygen around the body. Calcium 90% of peak bone mass is acquired by the end teenage years. Zinc Releases energy from food. Needed for growth and tissue repair. https://www.nutrition.org.uk/healthyliving/basics/exploring-nutrients.html?limit=1

Nutrition in the teenage years Overweight and obesity in teenagers; Nutrients of concern in teenagers diets; Addressing the nutrients of concern through the Eatwell Guide.

A healthy diet is balanced and varied

https://www. nutrition. org. uk/healthyliving/healthydiet/eatwellvideo https://www.nutrition.org.uk/healthyliving/healthydiet/eatwellvideo.html https://www.nutrition.org.uk/healthyliving/healthydiet.html

The Eatwell Guide 64g/day 59g/day NDNS Years 1& 2 2008/09 – 2011/12 2012/13 – 2013/14 https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/551502/Eatwell_Guide_booklet.pdf

What does 70g look like? © Meat and Education. Images not to be reproduced without permission.

The Eatwell Guide https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/551502/Eatwell_Guide_booklet.pdf

Dairy and alternatives Grated cheddar cheese Reduced fat grated cheddar cheese Per 30g serving, which of these do you think provides more calcium? McCance and Widdowson's the Composition of Foods: Seventh Summary Edition. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/composition-of-foods-integrated-dataset-cofid

Nutrients of concern in teenagers diets Vitamin A Liver, whole milk, cheese, butter, carrots, dark green leafy veg Riboflavin Milk and milk products, eggs, liver, pulses, rice, fortified breakfast cereals Folate Green leafy veg, wholegrain products, liver, nuts, fortified breakfast cereals Iron Liver, red meat, pulses, nuts, poultry, fish, whole grains, dark green leafy veg Calcium Milk and milk products, fortified soya bean products, some green leafy veg Magnesium Green leafy vegetables, bread, nuts, fish, meat, milk and milk products Potassium Fruit and veg, meat, fish, shellfish, milk and milk products, nuts, seeds, pulses Iodine Milk and milk products, sea fish, shellfish, seaweed, iodine-fortified foods Selenium Brazil nuts, fish, meat, eggs, bread Zinc Meat, milk and milk products, eggs, shellfish, nuts, pulses, wholegrain cereals Vitamin D Oily fish, eggs, meat, fortified cereals, spreads https://www.nutrition.org.uk/healthyliving/basics/exploring-nutrients.html?limit=1

Thank you for listening For further information, go to: www.nutrition.org.uk