Ford Model-T & The Cycle of Prosperity Henry Ford Ford Model-T & The Cycle of Prosperity This presentation has been designed for the GCSE course on the American Boom. Opportunities exist for revision, literacy and modelling. Impress the pants of an Ofsted inspector (someone who can’t teach) if you got the students to grade their own work using the mark scheme, Remember press ‘P’ if you wish to return or undo the last action.

Debrief Assembly Line Simulation How did you feel designing/making your own car at the beginning of the activity compared with working in the assembly line? What factors made producing the drawing on the assembly line difficult or frustrating? How did members of your group cope with the stress or monotony? What made you want to work hard? What made you not want to work hard? How did you feel about Ms. Daniel as the factory manager?

Comparing the simulation to history In-class experience Assembly Line work Did your best work on your own car Created one part of the drawing Most did not see finished product Work was monotonous and fast-paced Low light, recording of loud noise Little choice about which part to draw Little control over job Craftspersons work on product from start to finish Much more efficient… produced more cars in short period of time More standardized products Assembly line workers complete only one part of a product Monotonous work Physical strain and injuries from repetitive work Poor factory conditions High competition and high turnover for jobs Machine-like tasks with no creativity and little thought

Ford Model-T In 1908, Henry Ford built a car which everyone could afford to buy. It was slow, ugly and difficult to drive, and was nicknamed “Tin Lizzie” by the American people.

The Ford Model-T The attraction of the Ford Model-T was that its price continually decreased. By 1929 Ford was producing more than one car per minute.

Mass Production Ford was able to sell cars at a low cost because they were mass-produced and every part was Standardized (only one color and one engine size were available). By producing a large number of cars on an Assembly Line Ford needed fewer skilled workers, and that cut the cost of salary. Cut unnecessary motion to a minimum, speeding up production

In 1913, Ford invented the Assembly Line to speed up production. Mass Production In 1913, Ford invented the Assembly Line to speed up production.

How would this have helped to cut production costs? Key Quote – Henry Ford «A customer can have any color he likes for his car as long as it's black.» How would this have helped to cut production costs?

Assembly Lines Henry Ford 1925 ‘… each man and each machine do only one thing ... the thing is to keep everything in motion and take the work to the man, not the man to the work’ The way an assembly line works is: a car frame is put on a conveyer belt and each person puts one piece on every car that comes down the line. Henry Ford 1925

The Cycle of Prosperity! Car Industry Mass productions & Standardization lead to increased car sales. More jobs are created in other industries. More Standardized parts are needed The Cycle of Prosperity! More people with jobs means that they can afford to buy a car! Jobs in Diners, Motels & Gas Stations. Steel Glass More oil is used Rubber More roads are built Leather

The Cycle of Prosperity! Car Industry Mass productions & Standardization lead to increased car sales. More jobs are created in other industries. More Standardized parts are needed The Cycle of Prosperity! In other words, the car industry stimulated other parts of the American economy, creating a boom for all types of industries and thus creating more customers for itself. More people with jobs means that they can afford to buy a car! Jobs in Diners, Motels & Gas Stations. Steel Glass More oil is used Rubber More roads are built Leather

Aerial view of the Rouge Plant in 1930 In 1929, there were 81 000 men working in this factory.

“Welfare Capitalism” Employers realize that they have to improve working and living conditions during Progressive Era Trying to stop unions from forming Stopping turnover rates by creating happier, healthier employees Ford’s $5 Day – a very high wage for the time, but... Sociological Department of Ford Motor Co. made sure workers followed rules for “living right”: Clean, healthy home environment No alcohol, no renters (multiple families in one home) Save money in “Ford” bank (so you could buy a Ford one day!) If you didn’t do these things, you would get the base pay of $2.34 Generous or creepy/intrusive??

Debrief Assembly Line Simulation How did you feel designing/making your own car at the beginning of the activity compared with working in the assembly line? What factors made producing the drawing on the assembly line difficult or frustrating? How did members of your group cope with the stress or monotony? What made you want to work hard? What made you not want to work hard? How did you feel about Ms. Daniel as the factory manager?

Comparing the simulation to history In-class experience Assembly Line work Did your best work on your own car Created one part of the drawing Most did not see finished product Work was monotonous and fast-paced Low light, recording of loud noise Little choice about which part to draw Little control over job Craftspersons work on product from start to finish Much more efficient… produced more cars in short period of time More standardized products Assembly line workers complete only one part of a product Monotonous work Physical strain and injuries from repetitive work Poor factory conditions High competition and high turnover for jobs Machine-like tasks with no creativity and little thought

Let’s Roll Away! Instructions Answer the questions on page 3 of your Student Booklet Pair up to discuss and to compare your answers. You will be evaluated for Competency 1 here so let’s speak English  Teacher: press PAUSE!!

ROLL AWAY ! In 1908 1 200 $ Question 1 : When did Henry Ford make his first Model-T? Question 2: What was its selling price? (before the assembly line) In 1908 1 200 $

ROLL AWAY ! One per minute In 1913 Question 3 : How many Model-T cars were built? One per minute Question 4 : When did Henry Ford start the assembly line? In 1913 Ford invented the idea of using an Assembly Line to speed up production. Question 5 : Why did Henry Ford start the assembly line?

ALMOST THERE ! Question 6 : How does an assembly line work? A car frame is put on a conveyer belt and as the car moves, each person adds a part. Question 6 : How does an assembly line work? Question 7 : What are some things Henry Ford did that helped society? He invented the assembly line which helped lower the prices, he created jobs, he made cars more accessible.

HERE, WE ARE ! If we work together, we can get Question 8 : How can we use Henry Ford's idea in our lives? If we work together, we can get the job done more quickly.