Chapter 29 The Reformation Section 1- Martin Luther Section 2 – A New Religion Section 3 – Catholic Reform

Martin Luther 1483 German Monk who challenged the Catholic Church and its teaching. Believed that trusting in Jesus instead of good works would save people form their sins. Indulgences – documents that lessened a person’s time in purgatory and their sins. Money for Saint Peter’s church

Martin Luther 1483 Believed that selling indulgences led people to believe that they could buy God’s forgiveness for their sins. Wrote the 95 Theses explaining what was wrong with Catholics views. (good deeds and indulgences) Believed that the Pope was not the only way to God, people could read the Bible and pray directly to God.

Excommunicated Pope Leo condemned and excommunicated Luther and asked Charles V to try him as a Heretic. Charles ensured German Princes of a fair trial for Luther. Luther was found guilty and went into hiding for a year. Translated the Bible into German.

A New Religion Reformation – A change in the way the church taught and practiced Christianity. Lutheran became a new religion splitting from the Catholic Church. Peace of Augsburg – Each prince could choose between the Catholic or Lutheran church.

A New Religion These new churches were called Protestant. The church leaders were called ministers. They spent more time teaching from the bible Taught in own language not Latin.

Ulrich Zwingli Lead the protestant movement in Switzerland Removed pictures and closed monasteries Led a group of protestants against Catholics but was killed. Protestant church was firmly planted in Switzerland.

John Calvin Protestant leader based out of Geneva Switzerland. Believed that God predetermined who would be saved. Town council forced people obey laws like not dancing, playing cards, going to the theater, and drinking.

5 point system Total Depravity:       Sin has affected all parts of man. The heart, emotions, will, mind, and body are all affected by sin. We are completely sinful. We are not as sinful as we could be, but we are completely affected by sin. Unconditional Election:      God does not base His election on anything He sees in the individual. He chooses the elect according to the kind intention of His will (Eph. 1:4-8; Rom. 9:11) without any consideration of merit within the individual. Nor does God look into the future to see who would pick Him. Also, as some are elected into salvation, others are not (Rom. 9:15, 21).

5 point system Limited Atonement:      Jesus died only for the elect. Though Jesus’ sacrifice was sufficient for all, it was not efficacious for all. Jesus only bore the sins of the elect. Irresistible Grace:      When God calls his elect into salvation, they cannot resist. God offers to all people the gospel message. This is called the external call. But to the elect, God extends an internal call and it cannot be resisted. Perseverance of the Saints:      You cannot lose your salvation. Because the Father has elected, the Son has redeemed, and the Holy Spirit has applied salvation, those thus saved are eternally secure.

Catholic reform Reform the church teachings Ignatius Loyola – Founded the Society of Jesus or the Jesuits. Missionaries who spread Catholic ideas to others Wore black robes and lived very simple lives. Brought countries back to the Catholic Church.

Catholic reform Council of Trent was called together by the Pope to look into catholic practices. They confirmed good works and Faith to get to heaven as well as stopping the sale of indulgences. They also started schools called Seminary to train priests.