Chapter 6 Windows Configuration and Management PC Support & Repair Chapter 6 Windows Configuration and Management Unit 9 System Management in TestOut

Objectives After completing this chapter, you will meet these objectives: Perform routine system management tasks with common Microsoft Windows tools. Configure virtualization on a computer Use common preventive maintenance techniques for Microsoft Windows operating systems Explain how to troubleshoot Microsoft Windows operating systems

Hardware Requirements 1 GHz 32-bit or 64-bit processor 1 GB of RAM (32-bit) or 2GB of RAM (64-bit) DirectX 9 supportive graphic card Hard Disk space: 16GB (32-bit) or 20GB (64- bit)

Windows Features Shake Peek Snap Minimize all windows by clicking & holding the title bar of a window and shaking it with the mouse Repeat the action to maximize all of the windows Peek View the desktop using the Show desktop button on the right of the taskbar Click the button to minimize all windows Snap Resize a window by dragging it to one of the edges of the screen

Task Manager View all applications running Ctrl + Alt + Del, click Task Manager Processes Shows running processes & how much resources are being used for it Performance Shows performance use in graphs Startup Shows what processes will be automatically started during Windows startup You can also right-click the taskbar and select “Task Manager.”

Task Manager

Control Panel: User Accounts Admin account created when Windows installs Create a user account after Manage password, picture, name, type, UAC setting User Account Control Settings Gives warning when change is about to be made Default is: Notify me only when programs try to make changes to my computer

Activity Lab 6.1.1.5- Task Manager Lab 6.1.2.3- Create User Accounts

Display Settings When using an LCD screen, set the resolution to native resolution. Native resolution sets the video output to the same number of pixels that the monitor has. If you do not use native resolution, the monitor does not produce the best picture. Screen resolution - Specifies the number of pixels. A higher number of pixels provides better resolution. Orientation - Determines whether the display appears in Landscape, Portrait, flipped Landscape, or flipped Portrait orientations. Refresh rate - Sets how often the image in the screen is redrawn. The refresh rate is in Hertz (Hz). The higher the refresh rate, the more steady the screen image. Display colors - Specifies the number of colors visible on the screen at one time. The more bits, the greater the number of colors. The 8-bit color palette contains 256 colors. The 16-bit color (High Color) palette contains 65,536 colors. The 24-bit color (True Color) palette contains 16 million colors. The 32-bit color palette contains 24-bit color and 8 bits for other data such as transparency.

Action Center Important messages are highlighted in red. These issues should be addressed quickly, such as Windows Firewall is turned off or set up incorrectly. Yellow items indicate recommended tasks that may require actions from you, such as setting up a backup. Change Action Center Settings- Turn messaging for security and maintenance programs on or off.

Windows Firewall A firewall implements a security policy by selectively permitting and denying data traffic to a computer. Allow an app or feature through Windows Firewall - Determine which programs can communicate through the Windows Firewall Change notification settings - Manage notifications from the Windows Firewall. Turn Windows Firewall on or off - Turn the Windows Firewall on or off. Restore defaults - Restore the Windows Firewall to the default settings. Advanced settings - Adjust advanced security settings.

Power Options Use Power Options to maximize performance or conserve energy by configuring a power plan. You can choose from the following options: Require a password on wakeup Choose what the power buttons do Choose what closing the lid does (for laptops only) Create a power plan Choose when to turn off the display Change when the computer sleeps Selecting Choose what the power buttons do, or Choose what closing the lid does, configures how a computer acts when power or sleep buttons are pressed, or the lid is closed (like Sleep, Hibernate, Do Nothing, Shut Down). STUDENTS SHOULD KNOW THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SLEEP & HIBERNATE.

System

Increasing Performance Virtual Memory PC doesn’t have enough RAM to run an app VM placed in paging file on HD Data stored here until enough RAM is available Slower than accessing real RAM BEST SOLUTION: Get more RAM! Click on System >> Advanced System Settings ReadyBoost Using a Flash drive as hard drive cache ReadyBoost: right-click on flash drive >> Properties >>ReadyBoost tab

Device Manager Contains all installed devices Double-click on device or right-click > Properties Update a driver - Change the currently installed driver. Roll back a driver - Change the currently installed driver to the previously installed driver. Uninstall a driver - Remove a driver. Disable a device - Disable a device.

Activity Lab 6.1.2.12- Manage Virtual Memory Lab 6.1.2.14- Device Manager

HomeGroup Allows computers to share printers, media files, document libraries Created automatically (set to HOME) Join existing one or Create one Create: select which files/devices to share & set permissions and get a password to share If the PC belongs to a domain (like GCIT), it cannot share its own resources or create a new HomeGroup

Join Workgroup or Domain Workgroup is default Domain Connects to server with Active Directory Go to System or type Join a Domain Enter domain name gcit.gcecnj.org

Review- 4Q When using virtual memory, where is the data stored until there is enough RAM? Paging file on hard drive In Device Manager, your DVD drive is not working after installing a new driver. What would you select to go back to the old one? Roll back driver To get the best resolution for your monitor, you should use its… Native resolution How much RAM is needed to install Windows 10 64-bit? 2GB

Review- 3Q Where can you see important messages about the computer’s security and maintenance? Action Center You close your laptop lid and it goes into a low power state. What you were doing is kept in RAM. What power setting is this? Sleep What feature can allow or deny traffic into or out of a computer? Firewall

Administrative Tools 6.1.3

Computer Management Manage permissions, users, components, etc. Right-click on Start Button and click Computer Management The Computer Management console provides access to a number of utilities: Task Scheduler Event Viewer Shared Folders Local Users and Groups Performance Device Manager Disk Management

Event Viewer Logs history of app, security, and system events Great for troubleshooting

Services Manage services (running in the background) Startup types: Automatic Manual Disabled Stopped Manual service will start when you or a program starts it. Can’t start a disabled service until you enable it. You can use the following settings, or states, to control a service: Automatic - The service starts when the computer is started. This prioritizes the most important services. Automatic (delayed) - The service starts after services that are set to Automatic have started. The Automatic (delayed) setting is available only in Windows 7 and Vista. Manual - The service must be started manually by the user or by a service or program that needs it. Disabled - The service cannot be started until it is enabled. EXAMPLE: The computer that continued to print a document. Had to stop the print spooler service.

Activity Lab 6.1.3.7- Monitor and Manage System Resources Lab 6.1.4.2- Hard Drive Maintenance Just do up to the services part of the first lab.

Review- 2Q What keeps a log of literally everything that goes on in your PC? Event Viewer Things that automatically run in the background can be stopped or started where? Services

System Configuration (MSCONFIG) Identifies problems with startup IN WINDOWS 10, THIS IS NOW IN TASK MANAGER.

System Information Displays detailed info about devices, drivers, configuration in one spot Search for System Information or type msinfo32.exe

Activity Find information using Administrative Tools on lab computers

Command Line Commands

Activity Lab 6.1.5.4- Common Window CLI Commands Lab 6.1.5.6- System Utilities 2nd Lab- only do management console

Review- 3Q In DOS, what would you type if you wanted to create a new directory (folder) as shown? c:\windows> ____ stuff c:\windows\stuff> md After you created that directory, which command would get you in that directory? C:\windows> cd stuff In Windows 10, where can you find programs that startup and disable them? Task Manager

Client-Side Virtualization 6.2

Virtualization A virtual computer within a computer (guest) Physical computer is the host Runs a separate OS from host machine Uses host machine’s resources Software in VM is sandboxed from rest of machine Can’t mess up other systems Used to test a new OS Used to run software that works on a different OS One physical device cuts costs for business Can also be used to test viruses so they don’t affect the real network.

Virtualization Show only 1st minute.

Hypervisor Software that manages a virtual machine Type 1 Hypervisor Allocates resources to each virtual machine Type 1 Hypervisor Hypervisor installed on PC BEFORE OS Communicates directly with hardware resources Type 2 Hypervisor Hypervisor installed on PC AFTER OS Extra hop to talk to resources Windows Hyper-V (Win 10/8) & Virtual PC (Win 7) AKA Virtual Machine Manager (VMM) The number of virtual machines running depends on RAM, CPU, etc. Hyper-V must be enabled in Windows first, under “”turn windows features on/off.”

Video

Virtualization Notes Like physical computers, virtual machines are susceptible to threats and malicious attacks. Users should install security software, run a Firewall, and update the operating system and programs. To connect to the Internet, a virtual machine uses a virtual network adapter. The virtual network adapter acts like a real adapter in a physical computer, except that it connects through the physical adapter on the host to establish a connection to the Internet.

Review- 3Q What creates, runs and allows resources to be managed when using virtual machines? Hypervisor Your hypervisor is installed on a server BEFORE the OS. Which type is this? Type I Virtual PC & Hyper-V are included in Windows. Which type is this? Type II

Preventive maintenance for operating systems 6.3

Scheduling Tasks Windows Task Scheduler Common Tasks You can schedule preventive maintenance applications to run at an assigned time Common Tasks Disk cleanup Backup Disk defragmenter Restore point Starting other applications Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Task Scheduler This can be done in CMD prompt using the AT command.

Windows Task Scheduler

Restore Points You just installed a printer driver and now your system keeps crashing… Restore to a time when all was working fine Create a restore point before making changes to a system Updating OS, install/upgrade hardware, installing an application, installing a driver System restore does not back up personal data files, nor does it recover personal files that have been corrupted or deleted. Control Panel> Recovery > Configure System Restore

Create a Restore Point Windows 10 automatically creates a restore point before you make any changes to the system settings or install or uninstall a program. Windows 10 also allows you to manually create the restore points whenever you like.

Backups New backup tool in Windows Go to Backup, add a drive, and it will backup your files when you connect that drive Set how often to back them up Choose or exclude folders Restore from Drive Restore Previous Version of files within Explorer By default, File History will be set to back up back up important folders in your user account’s home folder. This includes the Desktop, Documents, Downloads, Music, Pictures, Videos folders. It also includes the Roaming folder where many programs store application data, your OneDrive folder, and other folders.

Backup & File History

Activity Lab 6.3.1.5- Task Scheduler Lab 6.3.1.7- System Restore

Review- 3Q What can you use to run specific preventive maintenance tasks at specific days/times? Windows Task Scheduler Your PC is messed up. What can you use to go back to a specific day it was working fine? Restore point/ System Restore If you wanted to test the affects of a virus on a computer, what would you do to test it safely? Test it within a virtual environment

Basic troubleshooting for operating systems 6.4

Troubleshooting Steps Identify the Problem Establish a theory of probable cause Test the theory Plan of action & implement solution Verify functionality & implement preventive measures document

Activity Within your row, discuss the PROBLEM, PROBABLE CAUSES & POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

Chapter 6 Windows Configuration and Management PC Support & Repair Chapter 6 Windows Configuration and Management