The Things I Learned By: Efren fuertes

The Scientific Method The Scientific method was the first thing we learned. The first step is observation. It talks about the organization of all testing things. The 2nd step is research question. It has to be testable. 3rd step is Collecting variables. There are 3 of them. Independent variable, dependent variable, and constant variable. 4th step is hypothesis. It is an educated guess. 5th step is procedure. It is the steps you used in the experiment. 6th step is analyze data. It shows the graphs you used. 7th step is conclusion. It talks about if your hypothesis is correct or wrong.

Matter Matter has mass and takes up space. Ex: wall, shoe, mouse

Physical/Chemical Changes Physical change is the way you change the look of something. Chemical change makes a new substance. Phy: crumpled paper. Che: burning wood.

States of Matter The three states of matter is solid, liquid, and gas. Particle arrangement Solid Liquid Gas

5 Phase changes Melting point-ice – water Boiling point-water – steam Freezing point- water- ice Condensation- heat- sweat Sublimation-dry ice- steam

Mixtures Elements and compounds Compounds: when 2 elements make a new element. Mixtures: when 2 substances make a new substance. Element: pure substance.

Homogeneous/Heterogeneous Homogeneous: can’t see the particles. Heterogeneous: can see the particles. Ex: Kool Aid trail mix

PE/KE Potential energy: stored energy Kinetic energy: energy of movement. Ex: about to kick a ball. Diving for a ball. Chicharito

Atoms There are three types of atoms. 1. Protons: + 2.Electrons - 3.Neutrons +-

Periodic table Demister Mendeleev made the periodic table. There are 18 groups and 7 periods. The 4 parts of the periodic table is metals, transitional metals, non-metals, and gases. Ex: gold, silver, copper, and carbon.

The 3 types of heat 1. Conduction: Movement of heat by touch. 2. Convention: heat passes through a liquid. 3. Radiation: heat being pass in the air. Ex: Touching a hot stove. Touching hot water. Heat wave.

Speed The rate of motion( how fast) Ex: Speeding up the road.

Acceleration Increase of speed. Ex: The car is accelerating.

Forces and Motion Motion: anytime an object changes position. Force: anything that would change the movement of an object. Ex: Push a car.

Resistance and Gravity Resistance: slows something down. Gravity: the force that pulls you down to earth. Ex: running on sand. Rain

Balanced and Unbalanced Balanced: all the forces acting in one object. Unbalanced: when one force is acting upon an object. Ex: Bal: table Unb: see saw

Friction and Net forces Friction: when 2 substances rub each other. Net forces: the sum of all forces. Ex: Rubbing your hands.

Newton’s 1st Law Same thing as Inertia. An object would be at rest unless you put force. Ex: A ball would be in the air until someone catches it.

Newton’s 2nd Law The more mass an object has, the more force to move it. Ex: What needs more force, a pebble or a pencil.

Newton’s 3rd law For every action there is an equal or opposite amount of force. Ex: Leaning on a wall.

Momentum How hard it is to stop something. Ex: Stopping a car with your hands.

Work Anytime you move something apply a force and that force moves it. Ex: Pushing a car.

Power Amount of work we could do in a period of time. Ex: Weights

Waves A wave is a disturbance of energy that passes through matter that moves one place to another. Ex: Flag

Mechanical waves Need a medium to travel. A medium is matter that allows waves pass through it. Ex: Tornado.

2 Types of waves Longitudinal: Up and down Transverse: Back and forth Ex: Long: Telephone wire. Trans: Bell

Electromagnetic waves Do not need a medium. 7 electromagnetic waves: Radio wave- oldest wave Microwave- ex: cell phones Infrared wave- senses body heat Visible light- anything we could see. Ultra violet rays-ex: sun, tanning beds X-rays – see your bones Gamma rays-identify organs./fastest

Reflection, Refraction, Diffraction Reflection- waves would bounce off objects. Refraction- Wave speed will vary based on the medium it is passing through. Diffraction- When waves go around, through, or between. Ex: pool air, water, bottom of sea waves going through holes.

Constructive and destructive interference Constructive: when 2 similar waves come together and they make a big wave. Destructive: when 2 opposite waves cancel each other.

Sound in different mediums Solid- slower Liquid-quicker Gas- quickest Effect of temp on sound Hot: the waves would move really quick, because the particles move fast. Cold: the particles are real heavy and is slower.

Websites http://www.google.com Google pictures