Living Things

Vocabulary Autotroph (Producer) – Organism that makes it’s own food by using the Sun’s energy through photosynthesis Cells – basic building blocks of living things Competition – when organisms fight over limited (not enough) resources (food, water and oxygen) Heterotroph (Consumer) – can not make their own food, they must eat for energy Homeostasis (Regulation) – maintaining a stable internal environment and temperature

Vocabulary Metabolism – all the chemical reactions (building and breaking down) that occur in an organism Photosynthesis – the process of making food (glucose) by using the Sun’s energy, water and carbon dioxide Reproduction – producing offspring (new individuals) Response – a reaction to a stimulus Stimulus – a change in the environment that causes a response

Characteristics of Living Things 1. Cells _______________________ - organisms that are made up of only one cell ex. Bacteria and Protists _______________________ - organisms that are made up of more than one cell ex. Plants and Animals Unicellular Multicellular

Characteristics of Living Things 2. Locomotion Can ___________ Move

Characteristics of Living Things 3. Metabolism All chemical reactions that occur in an organism Ingestion – taking _____ food (eating) Digestion - __________________ food into useable nutrients in breakdown

Characteristics of Living Things Respiration – nutrients (food) combine with _______________ to produce energy and carbon dioxide Excretion – getting rid of ____________ (solid, liquid, or gas CO2) oxygen wastes

Characteristics of Living Things 4. Growth Increase in size and complexity Multicellular cells ___________ for growth and repair divide

Characteristics of Living Things 5. Respond to the Environment Stimulus – a ___________ in the environment that causes a response ex. Cold Response – a ____________ to a stimulus ex. shiver change reaction

Characteristics of Living Things 6. Reproduce Produce new _______________________________ Needed for survival of a ______________ individuals (offspring) species

Characteristics of Living Things Asexual Reproduction Requires __________ parent Offspring are physically and genetically _______________ to the parent Examples: Unicellular organisms dividing (Mitosis) Plant Clippings Regeneration Budding Cloning one identical

Characteristics of Living Things Sexual Reproduction Requires __________ parents Offspring are ______ physically and genetically identical to the parent They have a _____________ of traits (_____________________) Causes _______________ among organisms Examples: Joining of a sperm (___________) and an egg (______________) cell - fertilization Joining of pollen (__________) and an egg cell two not blending characteristics variety male female male

Needs of Living Things 1. Energy Autotrophs (_________________) Make their own food using the Sun’s energy by _____________________ Example: __________ Producers Photosynthesis Plants

Needs of Living Things Consumers Can’t eat Animals Heterotrophs (_________________) __________ make their own food They must _________ for energy Example: _______________ Herbivore – eats only ___________ Carnivore – eats only ______________ Omnivore eats ________ plants and animals Consumers Can’t eat Animals plants animals both

Needs of Living Things 2. Water Needed for chemical reactions to take place Dissolves substances for _______________ transport

Needs of Living Things 3. Oxygen Needed for aerobic respiration (combining __________ with food to produce energy Most atmospheric oxygen comes from plants undergoing ____________________ oxygen photosynthesis

Needs of Living Things 4. Living Space resources fight not enough Enough area is needed for organisms to obtain _______________ (food, water, and oxygen) Competition – when organisms ________ over limited (________________) resources causing those with the best traits to _____________ resources fight not enough survive

Needs of Living Things 5. Homeostasis (______________) Regulation Maintaining a proper body temperature Warmblooded – body temperature ___________________ despite the environment Coldblooded – body temperature ____________ with the environment Regulation stays the same changes

6th Grade Review Material: Energy Transformation Energy moving from one object to another Heat from the Sun is transferred/absorbed by a pool causing the water to evaporate After swimming your bathing suit absorbs heat from the Sun causing the water to evaporate and your suit to dry The Sun's heat is received by the Earth by radiation (heat transferred through empty space)