WORLD MARITIME DAY PARALLEL EVENT 4-6 November 2016 - Istanbul, Turkey Do we really have to face casualties to minimize maritime risks and ensure safety? Brad Groves Chair, IMO Maritime Safety Committee Australian Maritime Safety Authority

Shipping: indispensable to the world. WORLD MARITIME DAY Shipping: indispensable to the world. Worldwide commercial fleet of 90,000 vessels. 80% of global trade by volume carried by sea. 99% of Australian international merchandise trade carried by sea.

IMPROVING SAFETY The IMO is working to proactively reduce casualties and improve safety and protection of the marine environment. Consideration of human factors is just as important as implementing safety guidelines.

SINKING OF THE ‘UNSINKABLE’ SHIP International collaboration on maritime safety leads to the development of the International Convention for the safety of life at Sea (SOLAS).

MARPOL & SOLAS

TORREY CANYON - 1967 Largest pollution incident recorded at the time. 120,000 tons of crude oil in the English Channel. Catalyst for the development of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution at Sea – MARPOL. Led to the introduction of segregated ballast tanks.

AMOCA CADIZ - 1978 3 miles off the coast of Brittany, France. Steering gear failure.

HERALD OF FREE INTERPRISE - 1987 Zeebugge, Belgium. Bow door not closed.

EXXON VALDEZ - 1989 The Exxon Valdez oil spill disaster caused further significant environmental damage. This incidents led to the ‘double hull amendments’ in MARPOL.

MS ESTONIA - 1994 Bow door failed resulting in ingress of water and capsize of vessel.

ERIKA – 1999 & PRESTIGE - 2002 Amendments to MARPOL to accelerate the phase out of single hull tankers.

FORMAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT (FSA) FSA includes five basic steps: Hazard identification. Risk analysis. Risk control options. Cost benefit assessment. Recommendations.

GOAL BASED STANDARDS Broad, overarching safety, environmental and/or security standards. Clear, demonstrable, verifiable, long standing, implementable and achievable, irrespective of ship design and technology. Requirements applied by class societies, other recognised organisations, administrations and IMO. Specific enough in order not to be open to differing interpretations.

International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Water (Polar Code). THE POLAR CODE International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Water (Polar Code). Covers the full range of design, construction, equipment, operational, training, search and rescue and environmental protection matters for ships operating in Polar waters.

IGF CODE International Code of Safety for Ships using Gases or other Low-flashpoint Fuels. Provides mandatory provisions for the arrangements, installation, control and monitoring of machinery, equipment and systems using low-flashpoint fuels.

COSTA CONCORDIA Look at incidents and also consider: approved company practices; vessel design; loading procedures; signage; technology and instrument arrangements; and work culture and societal norms.

HUMAN FACTORS Human factors is a branch of science that refers to the application of knowledge associated with human characteristics, both physical and mental.

E-NAVIGATION E-Navigation strives to develop well designed and harmonised on board shipping systems. The vision is that better harmonised systems will result in enhanced communication which improves safety and leads to reduced collisions and groundings.

STRATEGIC PLANNING IMO Strategic Plan contains key strategic directions enabling the IMO to achieve its mission objectives. IMO High-level Action Plan enables IMO to effectively address those strategic directions. Development of a new Strategic Framework 2018 to 2023.

CONCLUSION Through international cooperation we strive to proactively reduce maritime casualties in earnest. Thank you.